PML/RARA-t(15;17) Qualitative Blood Test: Booking, Price, and Results
About PML/RARA-t(15;17) Qualitative Blood Test: Booking, Price, and Results
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | PML-RARA gene rearrangement qualitative test, t(15;17) translocation qualitative test, APL PCR test, acute promyelocytic leukaemia PCR test |
| Sample Type | Peripheral blood (EDTA/lavender-top tube) and bone marrow (sodium heparin/green-top tube) |
| Fasting Required | No |
| Report Time | 4 days |
| Recommended For | All genders and ages with suspected acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) |
| Price | Starting at ₹4,500 |
What Is a PML/RARA-t(15;17) Qualitative Blood Test?
The PML/RARA-t qualitative blood test is a specialised molecular test that detects an abnormal gene fusion linked to a specific type of blood cancer. It identifies whether the PML-RARA fusion gene is present in a patient's blood or bone marrow sample. Doctors typically order this test when acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) is suspected or to monitor patients already diagnosed with the condition. The test is also known as the APL PCR test or t(15;17) translocation qualitative test.
What Does a PML/RARA-t(15;17) Qualitative Blood Test Measure?
This test looks for a specific genetic abnormality caused by a chromosomal translocation, meaning a swap of genetic material between two chromosomes. The table below explains the key element the test analyses.
| Parameter | What It Detects | Why It Matters |
|---|---|---|
| PML-RARA fusion gene transcript | Presence or absence of the abnormal gene formed when chromosome 15 and chromosome 17 exchange segments | Confirms whether the genetic hallmark of APL is present in the sample |
In healthy individuals, the PML gene on chromosome 15 helps suppress uncontrolled cell growth, while the RARA gene on chromosome 17 helps white blood cells mature properly. When these two chromosomes swap segments (translocation), the resulting PML-RARA fusion gene produces an abnormal protein. This causes immature white blood cells called promyelocytes to accumulate without maturing, which is the underlying mechanism of APL.
Why Is a PML/RARA-t(15;17) Qualitative Blood Test Done?
The PML-RARA gene rearrangement qualitative test is prescribed in specific clinical situations, primarily when a doctor suspects a rare but serious blood cancer. The following sections outline the key reasons it may be requested.
Common Symptoms That May Require This Test
A doctor may order this test if a patient presents with any of the following symptoms:
- Unusual or excessive bleeding from the gums or skin bruising easily
- Abnormal blood clots forming without clear cause
- Persistent and unexplained fatigue or weakness
- Recurrent or unusual infections due to low white blood cell count
- Anaemia symptoms such as paleness, breathlessness, or dizziness
- Loss of appetite and unintended weight loss
- Pain in bones or joints alongside low blood cell counts
Conditions This Test Can Help Detect
This test is used to identify or confirm specific conditions. These include:
- Acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL), a subtype of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) that accounts for 5 to 10% of AML cases.
- Relapse of APL in patients who have completed treatment.
- Minimal residual disease (MRD), meaning small numbers of leukaemia cells that may remain after treatment.
A t(15;17) translocation qualitative test for chronic disease monitoring
For patients already diagnosed with APL, the PML/RARA-t qualitative test plays an important role in ongoing monitoring. It helps detect minimal residual disease, providing prognostic information and early warning of potential relapse. Clinical guidelines recommend RT-qPCR monitoring every 3 months after therapy and again at 12, 18, and 24 months post-treatment.
How to Prepare and What to Expect
No special preparation is needed for this test. The sections below walk you through what to expect before and during sample collection.
Do You Need to Fast?
No. Fasting is not required. You may eat and drink as usual before your appointment. No dietary restrictions apply to this test.
Practical Tips Before Your Test
A few simple steps will help ensure the acute promyelocytic leukaemia PCR test process goes smoothly:
- Bring a detailed clinical history, including your symptoms, previous test results, and any relevant medical records, as it is required for the test.
- Inform the healthcare provider about any medications or supplements you are currently taking, as these may affect results.
- Stay well hydrated before your appointment.
- Inform the phlebotomist (the person drawing your blood) if you have any bleeding disorders or clotting conditions.
- Wear loose, comfortable clothing that allows easy access to your arm for blood collection.
Step-by-Step Procedure
The APL PCR test requires two sample types: peripheral blood and bone marrow. The blood sample is collected as follows:
- A phlebotomist will tie a tourniquet around your upper arm and clean the area with an antiseptic.
- A sterile needle is used to draw approximately 3 ml of blood into a lavender-top (EDTA) tube.
- The tube is gently inverted 6 to 8 times to mix the blood with the anticoagulant, which prevents clotting.
- The puncture site is covered, and the labelled sample is packaged for transport to the laboratory.
- In the laboratory, the sample is tested using a real-time PCR machine, a technique that detects and amplifies specific genetic material to identify the PML-RARA fusion gene.
- The processed sample is refrigerated at 2 to 8 degrees Celsius and dispatched to the testing facility.
The bone marrow sample collection needs to be done by a doctor at a diagnostic centre using a specialised procedure with insertion of a needle into the bone, usually the hip bone. The procedure is done under local anaesthesia to minimise discomfort and collected into a sodium heparin (green-top) tube.
Factors That Can Affect Accuracy
- Delayed transport: specimens should reach the laboratory within 48 hours of collection, as RNA (the genetic material being tested) breaks down quickly.
- Freezing the samples is not permitted for this molecular test.
- Improper sample labelling or handling during transit.
- Certain rare chromosomal rearrangements involving uncommon gene partners may not be detected by this assay.
- Medications that affect bone marrow or blood cell production may interfere with sample quality.
Understanding Your PML/RARA-t(15; 17) Qualitative Blood Test Results
Results from this test are qualitative, meaning they are reported as either detected (positive) or not detected (negative). The table below summarises the reference range and what each outcome may indicate.
| Parameter | Result | Interpretation |
|---|---|---|
| PML-RARA fusion gene | Not detected (Negative) | No evidence of the PML-RARA fusion gene in the sample |
| PML-RARA fusion gene | Detected (Positive) | The PML-RARA fusion gene is present, consistent with an APL diagnosis or residual/relapsed disease. |
Disclaimer: "These ranges are general guidelines. Your doctor will interpret your results based on your age, health history, and other factors. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional for personalised medical advice."
A positive result confirms the presence of the PML-RARA gene rearrangement and is consistent with a diagnosis of APL. A negative result suggests the fusion gene is absent, though it does not rule out other forms of leukaemia. In patients undergoing treatment, a negative result may indicate a successful treatment response.
Results During Special Conditions
Certain situations can affect how results are interpreted:
This test is designed to detect specific breakpoint regions associated with the t(15;17) translocation. It will not identify atypical rearrangements or uncommon RARA fusion partners such as NPM1, STAT5B, NUMA, or PLZF. In such cases, additional specialist testing may be required. False positive or negative results are also possible, and a doctor may recommend confirmatory testing based on clinical presentation.
General steps for overall care
Because APL arises from a genetic mutation acquired during a person's lifetime rather than one that is inherited, lifestyle changes alone cannot prevent or reverse the condition. The following general steps support overall care:
- Follow up promptly with a haematologist (blood specialist) or oncologist (cancer specialist) after receiving results.
- Attend all scheduled monitoring appointments, especially if you are undergoing or have completed APL treatment.
- Keep a record of your symptoms and any changes to share with your doctor at each visit.
Lupin Diagnostics PML/RARA-t(15; 17) Qualitative Blood Test Price
The PML/RARA-t qualitative blood test is priced at ₹4,500 at Lupin Diagnostics. This test requires a visit to a Lupin Diagnostics centre; home collection is not available due to the specialised nature of sample handling required. The city-wise pricing table below is provided for reference.
| City | Approximate Price ( ₹) |
|---|---|
| BHOPAL | 4500 |
| CHENNAI | 4500 |
| HYDERABAD | 4500 |
| KOLKATA | 4500 |
| NAVI MUMBAI | 4500 |
| PUNE | 4500 |
Disclaimer: Prices are indicative and may vary by location. Please confirm the current price at the time of booking.
How to Book
- Select the PML/RARA-t qualitative blood test on the Lupin Diagnostics website.
- Choose the city and Lupin Diagnostics location according to your convenience.
- Visit the centre at your scheduled time for sample collection.
- Receive your report via email or WhatsApp within 4 days.
Frequently Asked Questions
This test is used to detect the PML-RARA fusion gene, which is the genetic marker for acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL). Doctors order it to confirm a suspected APL diagnosis or to monitor patients for disease recurrence after treatment.
No, this mutation is not inherited. It occurs spontaneously during a person's lifetime and is not passed down through families. This means a positive result does not necessarily have implications for close relatives.
Two sample types are needed: a peripheral blood sample drawn from a vein in the arm, collected in a lavender-top (EDTA) tube, and a bone marrow sample collected by a doctor at a clinical centre. Both samples are required for a complete assessment.
A positive result means the PML-RARA fusion gene was detected in your sample. This confirms a diagnosis of APL and is important for guiding treatment decisions, as APL requires specific therapies that differ from other types of leukaemia. Your doctor will advise on the next steps.
For patients undergoing APL treatment, this test is typically repeated every 3 months. It is also performed at 12, 18, and 24 months after therapy to monitor treatment response and detect any residual or returning disease.
No. A negative result means the PML-RARA fusion gene was not found, but it does not rule out other forms of leukaemia. If symptoms persist, your doctor may order additional blood or bone marrow tests to investigate further.
A positive result should be reviewed by a haematologist (a specialist in blood disorders) or an oncologist (a cancer specialist). They will assess your full clinical picture and guide you on appropriate next steps and treatment options.
PML/RARA-t(15;17) Qualitative Blood Test: Booking, Price, and Results
