PGT M - 2 Variants - 3 Embryos Test: Booking, Price, and Results
About PGT M - 2 Variants - 3 Embryos Test: Booking, Price, and Results
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | PGT-M, Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Monogenic Disorders, PGD-M, Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis for Single-Gene Disorders |
| Sample Type | Embryo biopsy (trophectoderm cells from blastocyst, Day 5 or Day 6) |
| Fasting Required | Not applicable, this test is performed on embryo cells, not a patient's blood sample |
| Report Time | 24 Days |
| Recommended For | Couples undergoing IVF who carry known single-gene (monogenic) disorders, both male and female partners, of all reproductive ages |
| Price | Starting at ₹56,300 |
What Is a PGT M - 2 Variants - 3 Embryos Test?
The PGT M - 2 Variants - 3 Embryos Test is a specialised genetic test performed on embryos created through in vitro fertilisation (IVF). It checks three embryos for two specific disease-causing genetic mutations known to run in the family. The test is also called PGT-M or Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Monogenic Disorders. A small number of cells are collected from each embryo via biopsy and sent to a genetics laboratory for analysis using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology.
What Does a PGT M - 2 Variants - 3 Embryos Test Measure?
This test analyses the genetic makeup of each embryo for two pre-identified disease-causing mutations. The results help identify which embryos are suitable for transfer during the IVF cycle.
The test evaluates the following for each of the three embryos:
| Parameter | What It Shows |
|---|---|
| Variant 1 Status | Whether the embryo carries the first known disease-causing variant (mutation) being tested in the family |
| Variant 2 Status | Whether the embryo carries the second known disease-causing variant (mutation) being tested |
| Overall Embryo Classification | Combines the variant results to determine whether the embryo is unaffected, a carrier, or affected by the genetic condition |
Why Is a PGT M - 2 Variants - 3 Embryos Test Done?
Couples who carry inherited genetic conditions may choose this test during IVF to understand the genetic status of their embryos before transfer. The following sections outline who may need this test and what it can detect.
Common Symptoms That May Require This Test
This test is not ordered based on symptoms. It is recommended based on specific reproductive and genetic circumstances. The following are the most common indications:
- Known carrier status for a hereditary single-gene disorder in one or both partners
- A previous child or pregnancy affected by a genetic condition
- Family history of a serious inherited disorder such as thalassaemia or sickle cell disease
- Consanguineous marriage (marriage between blood relatives), which raises the risk of inherited conditions
- History of recurrent pregnancy loss due to a confirmed genetic cause
- Populations with a high prevalence of specific disorders, particularly thalassaemia in India
- Hereditary cancer syndromes, such as BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations in the family
Conditions This Test Can Help Detect
The PGT M - 2 Variants - 3 Embryos Test can identify embryos affected by a wide range of inherited single-gene disorders. Conditions that can be tested include:
- Beta thalassaemia and sickle cell anaemia
- Cystic fibrosis
- Haemophilia
- Huntington's disease
- Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA)
- Fragile X syndrome
- Tay-Sachs disease
- Hereditary cancer syndromes (BRCA1 and BRCA2)
- Polycystic kidney disease
- Marfan syndrome and osteogenesis imperfecta
How to Prepare and What to Expect
The PGT M - 2 Variants - 3 Embryos Test procedure involves several stages, starting well before the embryo biopsy itself.
Do You Need to Fast?
No fasting is required. The sample is taken from embryos in the laboratory setting during your IVF cycle.
Practical Tips Before Your Test
Preparing well before the test begins can help the process go smoothly. The following tips apply:
- Bring a detailed clinical history, including your symptoms, previous test results, and family history, as this is required for the test
- Carry all previous genetic testing reports, molecular study results, and medical records for both partners
- Ensure both partners are available to provide DNA samples for test development; additional family members may also be requested
- Genetic counselling before testing is strongly recommended to understand the process, its implications, and your options
- Be aware that test development (preparing the unique genetic probe for your family) can take 6 to 12 weeks before the embryo biopsy phase begins
- A fully completed test request form (TRF), biopsy worksheet, and signed consent form are required at the time of sample submission
Step-by-Step Procedure
The PGT M - 2 Variants - 3 Embryos Test procedure follows a structured sequence as part of your IVF cycle. Here is how it works:
- DNA samples are collected from both partners and, where needed, from other family members. The laboratory designs a personalised test specific to the genetic mutations in your family.
- The female partner undergoes ovarian stimulation and egg retrieval. Eggs are fertilised using intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), a procedure in which a single sperm is injected directly into each egg.
- Fertilised eggs are cultured in the laboratory until they reach the blastocyst stage, typically on Day 5 or Day 6 after fertilisation.
- Five to six cells are carefully removed from the outer layer of each blastocyst (the trophectoderm, which later becomes the placenta). This outer layer is biopsied, not the inner cells that develop into the baby.
- The biopsied embryos are immediately frozen (vitrified) for safe storage. The cell samples are dispatched to the Lupin Diagnostics laboratory for NGS-based genetic analysis.
- Results are delivered within 24 days, classifying each embryo as unaffected, a carrier, affected, or inconclusive.
Factors That Can Affect Accuracy
Several factors can influence the reliability of the test result. These include:
- Poor DNA quality in the biopsy sample due to low cell count or sample handling issues
- Allele drop-out (ADO), where one copy of a gene fails to amplify during laboratory analysis
- Embryo mosaicism, where different cells in the same embryo carry different genetic profiles
- Contamination of the biopsy sample during collection or transport
- Shipping conditions, particularly if the sample is not kept at the correct temperature
- Day of biopsy and the technique used to collect trophectoderm cells
Understanding Your PGT M - 2 Variants - 3 Embryos Test Results
Results from this test classify each embryo based on its genetic status for the two variants being tested.
| Result Category | Meaning | Transfer Consideration |
|---|---|---|
| Unaffected | The embryo does not carry the disease-causing variant(s) being tested | Generally considered suitable for transfer |
| Carrier | An embryo carries one copy of a disease-causing variant for a recessive condition, but is not expected to develop the disease | May be suitable for transfer; genetic counselling may be recommended |
| Affected | An embryo carries the disease-causing variant(s) associated with the condition being tested | Generally not selected for transfer |
| Inconclusive / No Result | The test did not provide a reliable genetic result due to technical or biological factors | Repeat testing, re-biopsy, or further discussion with a specialist may be considered |
Disclaimer: These ranges are general guidelines. Your doctor will interpret your results based on your age, health history, and other factors. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional for personalised medical advice.
Results During Special Conditions
Certain conditions at the time of testing can affect the interpretation of results.
Embryo mosaicism (where cells within the same embryo have differing genetic profiles) can reduce the accuracy of findings, as the biopsied cells may not fully represent the rest of the embryo.
Inconclusive results occur in a small percentage of cases (reported at under 4% in published studies) and may be related to poor embryo quality, technical amplification issues, or suboptimal shipping conditions.
How to Maintain Healthy Levels
While this test does not measure biological markers with "normal" ranges, there are steps you can take to support the best possible outcome.
- Engage in genetic counselling both before and after testing to fully understand your results and their implications for your family.
- Ask your fertility team about confirmatory prenatal testing (such as chorionic villus sampling or amniocentesis) during a resulting pregnancy, as this is often recommended to confirm PGT-M findings.
- Maintain open communication with your fertility specialist and genetic counsellor throughout the IVF and PGT process.
Lupin Diagnostics PGT M - 2 Variants - 3 Embryos Test Price
The PGT M - 2 Variants - 3 Embryos Test cost at Lupin Diagnostics starts at ₹56,300. This is a super-specialised test that requires a visit to a Lupin Diagnostics centre; home collection is not available for this test.
| City | Approximate Price (₹) |
|---|---|
| BHOPAL | 56300 |
| CHENNAI | 56300 |
| HYDERABAD | 56300 |
| KOLKATA | 56300 |
| NAVI MUMBAI | 56300 |
| PUNE | 56300 |
Disclaimer: Prices are indicative and may vary by location. Please confirm the current price at the time of booking.
How to Book
- Select the PGT M - 2 Variants - 3 Embryos Test on the Lupin Diagnostics website.
- Choose your city and preferred centre location.
- Visit the centre at your scheduled time for sample submission, ensuring you carry all required documentation (TRF, biopsy worksheet, signed consent form, and clinical history).
- Receive your report via email or WhatsApp within 24 days of sample receipt.
Frequently Asked Questions
This means the laboratory will test three embryos created during your IVF cycle for two specific genetic mutations known to run in your family. Each embryo is individually assessed for both mutations, giving you a clear genetic profile for each one before any transfer decision is made.
There are two phases. The test development phase, where the lab creates a personalised probe for your family's mutations, can take 6 to 12 weeks. Once your IVF cycle is complete and embryos are biopsied, results are delivered within 24 days. Starting the process early is advisable.
Yes. The biopsy removes cells only from the trophectoderm, the outer layer of the blastocyst that later forms the placenta. The inner cell mass, which develops into the baby, is not touched. Studies confirm that neonatal outcomes after trophectoderm biopsy are reassuring.
Each PGT-M test is designed specifically for your family's unique genetic mutation. DNA from both partners, and sometimes other relatives, is needed to map the precise genetic fingerprint of the mutation. This allows the laboratory to accurately identify which embryos have inherited it.
An inconclusive result means the laboratory could not produce a reliable finding for that embryo. This can happen due to poor DNA quality, cell amplification issues, or shipping factors. Your specialist may discuss the option of re-biopsy, transferring that embryo without genetic data, or waiting for embryos from a future IVF cycle.
PGT-M can be performed for nearly any single-gene disorder, provided the specific family mutation has already been identified and classified. However, the test cannot detect small chromosomal abnormalities, unknown genetic conditions, or birth defects not caused by the two variants being tested.
Confirmatory prenatal testing during the resulting pregnancy is generally recommended, even after a normal PGT-M result. Tests such as chorionic villus sampling (CVS) or amniocentesis can confirm the findings. Your fertility specialist and genetic counsellor will guide you on whether this is appropriate for your situation.
PGT M - 2 Variants - 3 Embryos Test: Booking, Price, and Results
