PGT M - 1 Variant - 3 Embryos Test: Booking, Price, and Results
About PGT M - 1 Variant - 3 Embryos Test: Booking, Price, and Results
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | PGT-M, Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Monogenic Disorders, Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) Single Gene Testing, Single Gene PGT |
| Sample Type | Embryo biopsy cells (trophectoderm cells from blastocyst-stage embryos) |
| Fasting Required | No. This test is performed on embryo cells, not on a blood or urine sample from the patient. |
| Report Time | 24 Days |
| Recommended For | Couples undergoing IVF who are known carriers of, or affected by, a single-gene disorder |
| Price | Starting at ₹43,000 |
What Is a PGT M - 1 Variant - 3 Embryos Test?
The PGT M - 1 Variant - 3 Embryos Test is a specialised genetic test performed on embryos created through in vitro fertilisation (IVF). PGT-M stands for Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Monogenic Disorders, which means it checks for a specific known single-gene mutation before an embryo is transferred to the uterus. This particular configuration tests three embryos for one identified genetic variant.
The test uses cells obtained through embryo biopsy, analysed using NGS (next-generation sequencing). It is also known as Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) for single-gene disorders.
What Does a PGT M - 1 Variant - 3 Embryos Test Measure?
The PGT M - 1 Variant - 3 Embryos Test procedure examines embryo cells at the genetic level. Below are the key aspects assessed during testing.
| What Is Analysed | Why It Matters |
|---|---|
| Specific disease-causing variant | Confirms whether the known mutation is present or absent in each embryo |
| Carrier status | Identifies if an embryo carries one copy of a recessive mutation without being affected |
| Linked genetic markers (haplotypes) | Supports accurate detection and reduces errors caused by allele drop-out, where one gene copy fails to amplify properly |
Why Is a PGT M - 1 Variant - 3 Embryos Test Done?
Couples with a known genetic condition in the family may choose this test to reduce the risk of passing that condition to their child. It is ordered as part of an IVF cycle, before any embryo is transferred.
Common Symptoms That May Require This Test
This test is not triggered by symptoms in the traditional sense. It is recommended based on clinical and genetic history. The following situations commonly lead a doctor to suggest it:
- Known carrier status of a recessive single-gene disorder in one or both partners
- Personal diagnosis of a dominant genetic condition
- Previous child born with a hereditary genetic disorder
- Family history of serious single-gene conditions such as thalassaemia or cystic fibrosis
- Previous pregnancy affected by a known genetic disorder
- Carrier status for an X-linked condition, such as haemophilia or Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Conditions This Test Can Help Detect
The PGT M - 1 Variant - 3 Embryos Test is designed around a specific mutation identified in advance. It can be used for a wide range of single-gene conditions, including any one of the following:
- Beta thalassaemia and sickle cell anaemia
- Cystic fibrosis
- Huntington's disease
- Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- Haemophilia
- Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA)
- Fragile X syndrome
- Tay-Sachs disease
- Heritable cancer syndromes (such as BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations)
- Lysosomal storage disorders and other rare inherited metabolic conditions
How to Prepare and What to Expect
The preparation for this test is quite different from a standard blood or urine test. Several steps must be completed before the embryo biopsy takes place.
Do You Need to Fast?
No fasting is required. The test is carried out on embryo cells, not on any sample collected directly from the patient.
Practical Tips Before Your Test
Preparation begins well before the IVF cycle starts. The following steps are important:
- Complete genetic counselling with a qualified genetic counsellor before starting the IVF cycle
- Ensure the specific disease-causing genetic variant has been confirmed and classified before testing can be designed
- Collect DNA samples from both parents (and sometimes other family members) so that informative genetic markers can be established
- Bring a detailed clinical history, including your symptoms, previous test results, and family history, as this is required for the test
- Submit a duly filled Test Request Form (TRF), biopsy worksheet, and signed consent form as instructed by your IVF centre
- Complete the pre-PGT probe or assay development phase before beginning ovarian stimulation
Step-by-Step Procedure
- The woman undergoes ovarian stimulation and egg retrieval. Eggs are fertilised using ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm injection) to minimise the risk of contamination from external DNA.
- Fertilised embryos are cultured in the laboratory for five to six days until they develop into blastocysts, each containing approximately 70 to 100 cells.
- An embryologist performs a trophectoderm biopsy, removing five to eight cells from the outer layer of each blastocyst using a laser-assisted technique. This is the sample sent for genetic analysis.
- The biopsied embryos are vitrified (frozen) while laboratory results are being prepared.
- The biopsied cells are sent to the genetics laboratory. DNA is amplified and analysed using NGS to detect the presence or absence of the known mutation.
- Unaffected embryos are identified and, in a subsequent frozen embryo transfer cycle, thawed and transferred to the uterus.
Factors That Can Affect Accuracy
Several technical and biological factors may influence the reliability of results:
- Insufficient number of cells obtained during biopsy
- Allele drop-out, where one copy of the gene does not amplify correctly
- Embryo mosaicism, where different cells within the same embryo carry different genetic information
- Incomplete or inaccurate identification of the pathogenic variant during the pre-test workup
- Quality of the embryo biopsy sample at the time of collection
Understanding Your PGT M - 1 Variant - 3 Embryos Test Results
Results classify each embryo into one of the following categories. Your IVF specialist and genetic counsellor will review these findings with you and guide the next steps.
| Result | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Unaffected / Normal | The embryo does not carry the disease-causing variant being tested and is generally considered suitable for transfer |
| Carrier | The embryo carries one copy of a recessive disease-causing variant but is not expected to develop the condition. Transfer may be considered following appropriate counselling |
| Affected | The embryo has inherited the disease-associated variant(s) in a pattern predicted to cause the condition being tested and is generally not selected for transfer |
| Inconclusive / No Result | Insufficient DNA or a technical limitation prevented a reliable result. Repeat testing, re-biopsy, or further specialist review may be considered |
Disclaimer: These ranges are general guidelines. Your doctor will interpret your results based on your age, health history, and other factors. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional for personalised medical advice.
Results During Special Conditions
Embryo mosaicism can occasionally affect results. A mosaic embryo contains some cells with the mutation and some without, which may make classification less straightforward. Your specialist will guide you on the next steps if mosaicism is detected.
In addition, certain test setups using haplotype analysis may not be possible if a suitable reference family member is unavailable, for example, in cases of a new (de novo) mutation with no prior family history of the condition.
How to Maintain Healthy Levels
While this test analyses embryos rather than a patient's health markers, the following general guidance supports a positive IVF outcome:
- Follow all dietary and lifestyle advice given by your IVF specialist during the stimulation cycle
- Attend all recommended genetic counselling sessions before and after the testing cycle
- Even after a normal PGT-M result, prenatal confirmation through CVS or amniocentesis is recommended by leading reproductive health bodies
Lupin Diagnostics PGT M - 1 Variant - 3 Embryos Test Price
The PGT M - 1 Variant - 3 Embryos Test cost at Lupin Diagnostics starts at ₹43,000. This test requires a visit to a Lupin Diagnostics centre or partner IVF facility. Home collection is not available for this test, as embryo biopsy must be performed by trained embryologists in a specialised laboratory setting.
| City | Approximate Price (₹) |
|---|---|
| BHOPAL | 43000 |
| CHENNAI | 43000 |
| HYDERABAD | 43000 |
| KOLKATA | 43000 |
| NAVI MUMBAI | 43000 |
| PUNE | 43000 |
Disclaimer: Prices are indicative and may vary by location. Please confirm the current price at the time of booking.
How to Book
- Select the test on the Lupin Diagnostics website.
- Choose your city and preferred centre location.
- Visit the centre at your scheduled time for sample collection and submission.
- Receive your report via email or WhatsApp within the stipulated turnaround time.
Frequently Asked Questions
PGT-M tests for a specific known single-gene disorder, such as thalassaemia, cystic fibrosis, or Huntington's disease. PGT-A, by contrast, screens for chromosomal abnormalities, meaning an incorrect number of chromosomes. PGT-M requires the exact disease-causing mutation to be identified before testing can be designed.
No. This test is recommended for couples who are known carriers of, or affected by, a specific genetic condition and want to reduce the risk of passing it to their child. It is not a routine requirement for all IVF patients.
The pre-test probe development phase typically takes three to eight weeks. After embryo biopsy, results are usually available within two to three weeks. Overall, the complete process from initial workup to embryo transfer generally takes six to twelve weeks.
No test can guarantee a pregnancy or its outcome. The PGT M - 1 Variant - 3 Embryos Test significantly reduces the likelihood of transferring an embryo affected by the tested genetic condition. Prenatal confirmation through CVS or amniocentesis is still recommended after a successful transfer.
Trophectoderm biopsy at the blastocyst stage is the most widely used method in clinical practice today. Evidence supports its safety and reliability when performed by experienced embryologists in a well-equipped IVF laboratory.
In principle, PGT-M can be offered for any single-gene disorder where the disease-causing mutation has been clearly identified. However, the specific pathogenic variant must be confirmed and classified before a customised test can be developed for that condition.
The test requires an embryo biopsy performed by trained embryologists using specialised equipment in a controlled IVF laboratory environment. This procedure cannot be carried out at home or at a standard sample collection point.
PGT M - 1 Variant - 3 Embryos Test: Booking, Price, and Results
