NRAS Mutation Analysis (Codons 12 & 13) Test
About NRAS Mutation Analysis (Codons 12 & 13) Test
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | NRAS Gene Mutation Analysis Test, NRAS Mutation Test, Neuroblastoma-RAS Mutation Analysis Test, N-RAS Testing |
| Sample Type | FFPE tissue block (formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumour tissue) |
| Fasting Required | No |
| Report Time | 7 days |
| Recommended For | Adults diagnosed with metastatic colorectal cancer, melanoma, thyroid cancer, or acute myeloid leukemia; all genders |
| Price | Starting at ₹8,400 |
What Is an NRAS Mutation Analysis (Codons 12 & 13) Test?
The NRAS Mutation Analysis (Codons 12 & 13) test is a specialised genetic test that examines tumour tissue for specific changes in the NRAS gene. It is used after a cancer diagnosis to guide treatment planning.
The test analyses a preserved tumour tissue sample, known as an FFPE block, using a Real Time PCR method. It is also referred to as the NRAS Gene Mutation Analysis test and the N-RAS Testing.
What Does an NRAS Mutation Analysis (Codons 12 & 13) Test Measure?
This test looks for specific genetic changes at two locations within the NRAS gene. Understanding whether these changes are present helps doctors choose the most suitable treatment path. The test examines the following:
| Target | What It Detects |
|---|---|
| Codon 12 (Exon 2) | Mutations such as p.G12C, p.G12S, p.G12D, p.G12A, and p.G12V |
| Codon 13 (Exon 2) | Mutations such as p.G13D, p.G13V, and p.G13R |
| NRAS protein function | Whether the gene is "wild-type" (normal) or "mutant" (altered) |
In its normal state, the NRAS protein acts like an on-and-off switch that controls cell growth and division. When a mutation is present, this switch gets stuck in the "on" position, allowing cells to grow without control.
Why Is an NRAS Mutation Analysis (Codons 12 & 13) Test Done?
This test is requested after a cancer diagnosis to understand the genetic profile of the tumour.
Common Symptoms That May Require This Test
This test is ordered when a patient has already received a cancer diagnosis. The following situations typically prompt a doctor to request it:
- Confirmed diagnosis of stage IV or metastatic colorectal cancer
- Newly diagnosed melanoma, particularly in advanced stages
- Diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
- Confirmed thyroid cancer requiring treatment planning
- Consideration of EGFR inhibitor therapy as a treatment option
- Suspected progression or recurrence of a known cancer
Conditions This Test Can Help Detect
The NRAS Mutation Analysis (Codons 12 & 13) test procedure helps identify the genetic character of tumours in the following cancers:
- Colorectal cancer (NRAS mutations present in rare cases)
- Melanoma (NRAS mutations found in 15 to 20% of all melanomas)
- Acute myeloid leukemia (NRAS mutations present in approximately 10% to 20% of cases)
- Thyroid cancer (NRAS is the most common RAS mutation in thyroid nodules)
- Lung adenocarcinoma (less commonly affected, around 1% of cases)
How to Prepare and What to Expect
The NRAS Mutation Analysis (Codons 12 & 13) test procedure does not require any special dietary preparation from the patient. Your oncology team will manage the sample collection and submission process.
Do You Need to Fast?
No fasting is required for this test. There are no dietary restrictions before the sample is taken.
Practical Tips Before Your Test
A few steps will help ensure the test can be performed smoothly:
- Bring a detailed clinical history, including your symptoms, previous test results, and family history, as this is required for the test
- Ensure your oncologist has access to the pathology report from your original tumour biopsy
- Inform your care team about any current medications or supplements
- Tell your healthcare team if you have previously received cancer treatment, including anti-EGFR therapy
- The most recent or metastatic sample is preferred over older specimens where possible
Step-by-Step Procedure
The sample for this test is a preserved tumour tissue block, not a standard blood draw. Here is what the process involves:
- Your oncologist identifies the most suitable stored tumour tissue sample from your biopsy
- The pathology team prepares an FFPE (formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded) tissue block or unstained slides from the biopsy specimen
- A laboratory scientist checks that the sample contains at least 10% tumour cells, which is the minimum needed for accurate DNA extraction
- DNA is extracted from the tissue and analysed using Real Time PCR (Taqman probe) to detect mutations at codons 12 and 13 of the NRAS gene
- The sample is stored and transported at ambient temperature (18 to 28°C) to the testing laboratory
- Results are processed and your report is delivered within 7 days
Factors That Can Affect Accuracy
Several factors can influence the quality and reliability of results:
- Age of the tissue block (blocks older than 5 years may have degraded DNA)
- Insufficient tumour cell content in the sample (below 10%)
- Poor-quality DNA extracted from the tissue
- Prior anti-EGFR treatment, which may have caused new mutations to emerge in the tumour
- Laboratory quality controls and methodology
Understanding Your NRAS Mutation Analysis (Codons 12 & 13) Test Results
Results are reported as either wild-type (no mutation) or mutant (mutation present). Your oncologist will explain what the finding means for your specific situation and treatment plan.
| Result | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Wild-type (No mutation detected) | The NRAS gene appears normal in the tumour sample |
| Mutant (Mutation detected) | A specific genetic change is present in the NRAS gene |
Disclaimer: These ranges are general guidelines. Your doctor will interpret your results based on your age, health history, and other factors. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional for personalised medical advice.
Results During Special Conditions
A few factors can affect how results are interpreted:
Most NRAS mutations found in cancer are acquired during a person's lifetime and exist only in the cancer cells, not in inherited DNA. Previous treatment with anti-EGFR drugs may cause new RAS mutations to appear in tumour cells at relapse, which can affect results. The test is designed to detect mutations present at 5% or more in the background DNA, so very low-level mutations may not always be identified.
Next Steps After Your Testing
NRAS mutation status is a genetic feature of the tumour and cannot be changed through lifestyle choices. The following steps support overall care:
- Attend all scheduled follow-up appointments with your oncologist
- Keep records of all previous test results and share them with your care team
- Ask your doctor about clinical trial options if an NRAS mutation is detected
Lupin Diagnostics NRAS Mutation Analysis (Codons 12 & 13) Test Price
The NRAS Mutation Analysis (Codons 12 & 13) test cost starts at ₹8,400 at Lupin Diagnostics. Testing is performed on an FFPE tumour tissue sample submitted for analysis.
| City | Approximate Price (₹) |
|---|---|
| BHOPAL | 8400 |
| CHENNAI | 8400 |
| HYDERABAD | 8400 |
| KOLKATA | 8400 |
| NAVI MUMBAI | 8400 |
| PUNE | 8400 |
Disclaimer: Prices are indicative and may vary by location. Please confirm the current price at the time of booking.
How to Book
Follow these steps to book the NRAS Mutation Analysis (Codons 12 & 13) test online booking:
- Select the test on the Lupin Diagnostics website
- Choose your city and preferred centre location
- Arrange for submission of the required FFPE tumour tissue sample as advised by your doctor or the Lupin Diagnostics team
- Receive your report via email or WhatsApp within the stipulated turnaround time
Frequently Asked Questions
This test identifies genetic changes in the NRAS gene within a tumour sample. It is used after a cancer diagnosis to determine whether specific mutations are present that may affect treatment choices, particularly the suitability of EGFR inhibitor therapy.
All patients with stage IV or metastatic colorectal cancer are recommended for NRAS Mutation Analysis testing. Patients with melanoma, acute myeloid leukaemia, or thyroid cancer being evaluated for targeted treatment may also be advised to take this test by their oncologist.
The report is available within 7 days at Lupin Diagnostics. Turnaround times may vary slightly depending on sample quality and scheduling.
No, this test cannot be done at home. It requires a properly prepared tumour tissue block that is collected and processed in a clinical or surgical setting before being sent to the laboratory.
A positive result means the cancer carries a mutation in the NRAS gene at codon 12 or 13. Your oncologist will use this information to decide on the most appropriate treatment plan. It does not mean an immediate change in diagnosis, and your doctor will explain the next steps.
No, NRAS mutations found in most cancers are somatic, meaning they develop in the tumour cells during a person's lifetime. They are not inherited and are not present in other cells of the body.
Both NRAS and KRAS belong to the RAS gene family and have similar effects on cancer cell behaviour. NRAS mutations are much less common than KRAS mutations. Extended RAS testing panels often include both genes to give a complete picture that guides treatment decisions for colorectal cancer and other malignancies.
NRAS Mutation Analysis (Codons 12 & 13) Test
