Immunoglobulin Profile Serum Test
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About Immunoglobulin Profile Serum Test
The Immunoglobulin (Ig) Profile is a panel of blood tests that gives the levels of immunoglobulins, also called antibodies, to determine immunodeficiencies (when the immune system isn't working as it should be) in patients prone to catching frequent infections like AIDS. Your doctor might even suggest this test as part of the evaluation for allergies, immune-mediated disorders such as lupus, coeliac diseases, etc., or some genetic disorders like autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS).
The immunoglobulin Profile test explicitly measures IgA, IgM and IgG antibodies that fight different things to keep your body healthy.
What is the Immunoglobulin Profile Used For?
Immunoglobulin profile test is used
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To detect immunodeficiency disorders in people having family history of low immunity
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To evaluate allergies and risk of other immunological disorders like lupus
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To check for genetic disorders and infections like syphilis and toxoplasmosis in newborn babies
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To assess the health status of patients prone for catching infections or diarrhea
Symptoms of Immunodeficiency
Symptoms of low immunoglobulin levels usually include
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Frequent breathing troubles
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Pain in the ear and nose
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Recurrent fungal and yeast infections like candidal thrush
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Diarrhea and malabsorption
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Weight loss
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Chronic gum inflammation (gingivitis)
Test preparation
No special preparation is required to undergo an immunoglobulin profile test. However, let your doctor know all about the medications or supplements you take.
Interpretation of the Test Results
The adult reference range for 1 or more immunoglobulins is as follows:
IgG- 6.0 – 16.0g/L
IgA – 0.8 – 3.0g/L
IgM- 0.4 – 2.5g/L
Among the children, the reference value is age-specific. Any value above or below the normal range means you have certain conditions affecting your immune system. However, ask your doctor what the test result means for you and what to do next.
FAQs on Immunoglobulin Profile Serum Test
Although the immunoglobulin profile test is safe overall, it still has minimal risks. Some individuals might feel faint or lightheaded from the test or have a small bruise or bleeding around the blood test site, which can last a few days.
This test is usually done by drawing blood from a vein in your arm using a needle. But sometimes, it may also be done with a "fingerstick" test, where the fingertip is pricked with a tiny sterile needle to collect the blood sample.
Apart from infection and immune-mediated disorders, the immunoglobulin test is greatly influenced by the condition of the blood specimen submitted.
You can have high immunoglobulin (Ig) levels in several conditions, such as:
- Allergies
- Inflammatory bowel diseases
- Certain cancers like multiple myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), lymphoma or leukemia
- Autoimmune disorders like rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, Hashimoto thyroiditis
- Hepatitis (liver inflammation)
- Chronic diseases (like diabetes)
- Chronic spinal cord injury
- Alcoholic cirrhosis
However, having a high Ig does not always mean you have the above-said conditions because each person's results can vary based on the method the lab uses.
From the time of sample collection, it can be anywhere between 2-7 days.
Immunoglobulin Profile Serum Test
