IHC Marker - CD61 Test: Booking, Price, and Results
About IHC Marker - CD61 Test
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | CD61 Immunohistochemistry, IHC Marker CD61, Glycoprotein IIIa (GPIIIa), Integrin β3, Megakaryocytic Cell Marker |
| Sample Type | Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue block |
| Fasting Required | No — this test is performed on preserved tissue samples, not on blood or fluids affected by food intake |
| Report Time | 3 days |
| Recommended For | All genders and ages; primarily patients with suspected blood cancers or platelet and megakaryocyte disorders |
| Price | Starting at ₹1,920 |
What Is an IHC Marker - CD61 Test?
The CD61 test is a specialised immunohistochemistry (IHC) test that detects the CD61 protein in preserved tissue samples. CD61, also known as Glycoprotein IIIa or Integrin β3, is found on platelets and megakaryocytes (the bone marrow cells that produce platelets). Doctors order this test to investigate suspected blood disorders and certain cancers. It is also known as CD61 Immunohistochemistry or the IHC Marker CD61 test.
What Does an IHC Marker - CD61 Test Measure?
This test analyses tissue sections for the presence and pattern of CD61 protein expression. The table below summarises what is assessed:
| Parameter | What It Shows |
|---|---|
| CD61 Expression | Whether the CD61 protein is present (positive) or absent (negative) in the tissue |
| Staining Pattern | The distribution and intensity of staining across megakaryocytes, platelets, and other cells |
| Cell Identification | Presence of megakaryocytes, megakaryoblasts, or abnormal platelet-producing cells in the tissue |
Results are qualitative, meaning they are reported as positive or negative staining patterns rather than as numbers.
Why Is an IHC Marker - CD61 Test Done?
Doctors order this test when tissue examination is needed to investigate blood cell abnormalities or suspected malignancies. Here is a closer look at when and why this test is requested.
Common Symptoms That May Require This Test
Several symptoms may prompt a doctor to request this test. These include:
- Unexplained low platelet count (thrombocytopenia)
- Easy bruising or unusual bleeding
- Persistent fatigue and pallor (paleness)
- Recurrent infections without a clear cause
- Bone pain
- Enlarged spleen detected on examination
Conditions This Test Can Help Detect
The CD61 IHC test assists in identifying a range of conditions. These include:
- Acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia: a blood cancer involving abnormal megakaryocyte cells
- Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS): conditions where bone marrow does not produce enough healthy blood cells; CD61 IHC is particularly useful in cases with minimal dysplasia (subtle abnormalities)
- Myeloproliferative disorders: diseases where bone marrow produces too many blood cells
- Microthrombi: small blood clots in conditions such as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and lupus nephritis
- Vascular invasion in follicular thyroid neoplasms: tumours of the thyroid gland
- Gastric antral vascular ectasia: distinguished from portal hypertensive gastropathy
How to Prepare and What to Expect
This test does not require the usual preparation associated with blood tests. However, there are important steps to follow before submitting your sample.
Do You Need to Fast?
No fasting is required. This test is performed on tissue preserved in a paraffin block, so your food or drink intake has no bearing on the result.
Practical Tips Before Your Test
Preparing the right documentation and materials is important for accurate results. Keep the following in mind:
- Bring a detailed clinical history, including your symptoms, previous test results, and family history, as this is required for the test.
- Carry the original paraffin tissue block from your previous biopsy or surgical procedure.
- Bring the corresponding haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained slide if one is available.
- Include relevant histopathology reports and clinical notes.
- Use only 10% formalin for fixation; other fixatives may not yield satisfactory results.
Step-by-Step Procedure
The CD61 test procedure involves several laboratory steps after the tissue has been collected. Here is what happens:
- A clinician collects a tissue specimen (such as a bone marrow biopsy) during a separate medical procedure at a healthcare facility.
- The tissue is fixed in formalin and embedded in a paraffin block to preserve its cellular structure — this is the FFPE tissue block.
- A laboratory technician cuts very thin slices from the block and places them on specially prepared glass slides.
- The slides are treated with CD61-specific antibodies that bind to the target protein, followed by detection reagents that produce a visible colour wherever CD61 is present.
- A qualified pathologist examines the stained slides under a microscope, assessing the staining pattern and intensity.
- A detailed report is prepared and delivered within the turnaround time.
Factors That Can Affect Accuracy
- Improper tissue fixation or use of fixatives other than 10% formalin
- Prolonged storage or an aged paraffin section, which can reduce staining quality
- Bone marrow biopsies fixed with B5 fixative or decalcified with nitric acid, as CD61 reacts poorly under these conditions
- Nonspecific attachment of platelets to other cells, which can sometimes be misleading
- Incomplete or absent clinical history submitted with the sample
Understanding Your IHC Marker - CD61 Test Results
Results from this test require expert interpretation by a trained pathologist. The table below outlines what positive and negative staining generally indicate.
| Result | Typical Interpretation |
|---|---|
| Positive staining in megakaryocytes and platelets | Normal pattern; expected in healthy bone marrow tissue |
| Positive staining in abnormal blast cells | May indicate megakaryocytic differentiation in leukaemia or myeloproliferative disorder |
| Positive staining for microthrombi | May suggest thrombotic conditions such as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura or lupus nephritis |
| Negative staining in suspected leukaemic cells | Suggests absence of megakaryocytic origin; additional markers may be needed |
Disclaimer: These ranges are general guidelines. Your doctor will interpret your results based on your age, health history, and other factors. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional for personalised medical advice.
Results During Special Conditions
Certain conditions and technical factors can affect how the staining appears. CD61 reacts poorly in bone marrow biopsies fixed with B5 fixative or decalcified using nitric acid, which may lead to weaker or unreliable staining. CD61 and CD41 expression should also be interpreted carefully, as platelets can sometimes attach non-specifically to other cell types, potentially giving a misleading positive signal.
How to Maintain Healthy Levels
While this test does not produce numerical values, supporting overall blood health is worthwhile. Here are a few general wellness tips:
- Eat a balanced diet with adequate iron, vitamin B12, and folate to support healthy blood cell production.
- Attend regular health check-ups if you have a known blood or bone marrow condition.
- Follow your doctor's guidance on managing any underlying conditions that affect platelet function.
Lupin Diagnostics IHC Marker - CD61 Test Price
The CD61 test cost at Lupin Diagnostics starts at ₹1,920. This test requires a visit to a Lupin Diagnostics centre, as home collection is not available for tissue-based IHC tests.
| City | Approximate Price (₹) |
|---|---|
| BHOPAL | 1920 |
| CHENNAI | 1920 |
| HYDERABAD | 1920 |
| KOLKATA | 1920 |
| NAVI MUMBAI | 1920 |
| PUNE | 1920 |
Disclaimer: Prices are indicative and may vary by location. Please confirm the current price at the time of booking.
How to Book
Booking your CD61 test online at Lupin Diagnostics is straightforward. Follow these steps:
- Select the IHC Marker - CD61 Test on the Lupin Diagnostics website.
- Choose your city and preferred centre location.
- Visit the centre at your scheduled time and submit your FFPE tissue block along with your clinical history and relevant documents.
- Receive your report via email or WhatsApp within 3 days.
Frequently Asked Questions
The CD61 test is an immunohistochemistry marker used to identify megakaryocytes and platelets in tissue samples. It helps diagnose conditions such as acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and thrombotic disorders. A pathologist analyses the staining pattern to support a clinical diagnosis.
No fasting is needed. This test is performed on a preserved tissue block rather than a fresh blood or urine sample, so your food and drink intake has no effect on the results.
No. The CD61 test requires a tissue specimen, such as a bone marrow biopsy, which can only be collected at a medical facility by a trained clinician. Home collection is not available for this test.
Results are typically available within 3 days of the laboratory receiving a suitable tissue block. This allows time for tissue processing, antibody staining, and pathologist review.
Bring the original FFPE tissue block from your biopsy, the corresponding H&E-stained slide (if available), and a written clinical history that includes your symptoms, previous test reports, and family history. Clinical history is required for processing this test.
A positive result means the CD61 protein has been detected in the tissue. In the context of suspected blood cancer, this may point to a megakaryocytic origin of abnormal cells. Your pathologist and treating doctor will review the result together with other clinical findings before drawing any conclusions.
IHC Marker - CD61 Test: Booking, Price, and Results
