IHC Marker - CD5 Test
About IHC Marker - CD5 Test
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | CD5 Immunostain, CD5 IHC Marker, IHC CD5, CD5 Immunohistochemistry |
| Sample Type | Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue block |
| Fasting Required | No fasting required |
| Report Time | 7 days |
| Recommended For | All genders and ages; typically ordered when lymphoma, leukaemia, or thymic carcinoma is suspected |
| Price | Starting at ₹1,920 |
What is an IHC Marker - CD5 Test?
The IHC marker - CD5 test is a specialised laboratory test that detects the presence of the CD5 protein in tissue samples using a technique called immunohistochemistry (IHC). CD5 is a protein normally found on the surface of T cells (a type of immune cell) and is also abnormally expressed in certain B-cell cancers. Doctors order this test to classify blood cancers, particularly lymphomas and leukaemias. It is also known as CD5 Immunostain or CD5 Immunohistochemistry.
What Does an IHC Marker - CD5 Test Measure?
The IHC marker - CD5 test examines a tissue sample to detect whether the CD5 protein is present on cell surfaces. Understanding what the test analyses help explain why it is ordered.
| Component | What it Tells Us |
|---|---|
| CD5 Protein Expression | Whether CD5 is present (positive) or absent (negative) on cells in the tissue sample |
| Cell Lineage Support | Whether cells are likely of T-cell origin or belong to specific B-cell lymphoma subtypes |
| Staining Pattern | The distribution and intensity of CD5 across the tissue section, assessed by a pathologist |
CD5 is a transmembrane glycoprotein, meaning it sits within the outer membrane of certain immune cells. It is normally present on T lymphocytes (mature T cells) and thymocytes (immature T cells). When B cells express this protein unexpectedly, it points towards specific subtypes of blood cancer.
Why is an IHC Marker - CD5 Test Done?
The CD5 IHC test is used when a pathologist or oncologist needs to classify a suspected blood cancer or distinguish between different subtypes. Below are the common reasons a doctor may order this test.
Common Symptoms That May Require This Test
Doctors may recommend this test when a patient presents with symptoms that suggest a possible lymphoma or leukaemia. These symptoms include:
- Painless swelling of lymph nodes (in the neck, armpits, or groin)
- Persistent fatigue without a clear cause
- Unexplained weight loss
- Night sweats
- Unexplained fever
- Enlarged spleen
- Easy bruising or bleeding
Conditions This Test Can Help Detect
The IHC CD5 marker is useful for identifying and distinguishing several conditions. These include:
- Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL)
- B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia / small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL)
- Thymic carcinoma (distinguished from thymoma, which is CD5-negative)
- Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), a subset of which is CD5-positive
- T-cell lymphomas and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL)
- Peripheral T-cell lymphomas
How to Prepare and What to Expect
This test does not require any special preparation from the patient before the tissue sample is collected. The following sections explain what to expect.
Do You Need to Fast?
No fasting is required for this test. There are no dietary restrictions before the biopsy or before submitting a tissue sample.
Practical Tips Before Your Test
A few practical steps help the process go smoothly. Keep the following in mind:
- Bring a detailed clinical history, including your symptoms, previous test results, and any relevant radiological reports, as this is required for the test
- Carry your original histopathology or biopsy report if one has already been issued
- Inform your doctor about all current medications and any existing medical conditions
- Ensure the tissue block or biopsy specimen has been properly preserved in formalin or paraffin, as required
Step-by-Step Procedure
The IHC marker - CD5 test procedure is carried out on tissue already collected through a biopsy or surgical procedure. Here is what happens from sample collection to report:
- A tissue sample is obtained through a biopsy (removal of a small piece of tissue) or surgical excision, performed at a hospital or clinic by a trained medical professional.
- The tissue is fixed in formalin to preserve its structure and then embedded in a paraffin wax block for long-term stability.
- Laboratory technicians cut very thin slices of the tissue block and place them on glass slides.
- The slides are treated through a process called antigen retrieval, which exposes proteins that may have been masked during fixation, making them accessible to the test antibodies.
- Anti-CD5 antibodies are applied to the tissue section. These antibodies bind specifically to the CD5 protein if it is present.
- A pathologist examines the stained slides under a microscope and reports whether CD5 staining is positive or negative, along with any relevant observations.
Factors That Can Affect Accuracy
Certain factors may influence the reliability of the result. These include:
- Inadequate or delayed formalin fixation of the tissue sample
- Poor quality of paraffin embedding
- Degraded or low-quality antibodies used in staining
- Tissue processing artefacts from improper handling
- The experience and expertise of the interpreting pathologist
Understanding Your IHC Marker - CD5 Test Results
Results from the CD5 IHC test are reported as positive or negative and must always be reviewed by a qualified pathologist in the context of your full clinical picture. This is not a numerical test; it shows whether the CD5 protein is present in the tissue examined.
| Result | Interpretation |
|---|---|
| Positive | CD5 protein detected; may indicate T-cell lymphoma, CLL/SLL, mantle cell lymphoma, thymic carcinoma, or a subset of DLBCL |
| Negative | CD5 protein not detected; may suggest follicular lymphoma, marginal zone lymphoma, hairy cell leukaemia, or thymoma |
These ranges are general guidelines. Your doctor will interpret your results based on your age, health history, and other factors. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional for personalised medical advice.
How to Maintain Healthy Levels
Since this is a diagnostic marker test rather than a routine wellness screen, the following tips apply to general well-being after diagnosis:
- Follow up regularly with your oncologist if you have been diagnosed with a lymphoproliferative disorder
- Maintain a balanced diet and engage in regular physical activity as advised by your doctor
- Report any new symptoms, such as unexplained fever, weight loss, or new swelling, to your healthcare provider promptly
Lupin Diagnostics IHC Marker - CD5 Test Price
The IHC marker - CD5 test at Lupin Diagnostics starts at ₹1,920. This test requires a visit to a Lupin Diagnostics centre; home collection is not available for this test, as it requires a tissue sample collected by trained medical professionals at a healthcare facility.
| City | Approximate Price (₹) |
|---|---|
| BHOPAL | 1920 |
| CHENNAI | 1920 |
| HYDERABAD | 1920 |
| KOLKATA | 1920 |
| NAVI MUMBAI | 1920 |
| PUNE | 1920 |
Disclaimer: Prices are indicative and may vary by location. Please confirm the current price at the time of booking.
How to Book
Follow these steps to book your IHC marker - CD5 test online:
- Select the test on the Lupin Diagnostics website.
- Choose your city and preferred centre location.
- Visit the centre at your scheduled time for sample submission.
- Receive your report via email or WhatsApp within the stipulated turnaround time.
Frequently Asked Questions
The CD5 IHC marker test helps doctors determine whether the CD5 protein is present in a tissue sample. It is used to support the diagnosis of T-cell lymphomas, classify B-cell lymphomas such as mantle cell lymphoma and CLL/SLL, and distinguish thymic carcinoma from thymoma. It is rarely used alone and is typically part of a broader panel of markers.
The tissue sample is obtained through a biopsy or surgical excision at a hospital or clinic. This procedure is usually completed before the IHC test is requested. The collected tissue is then preserved in formalin and embedded in a paraffin block before being sent to the laboratory.
The IHC test itself is performed in a laboratory on tissue that has already been collected. The biopsy used to obtain the sample may cause mild discomfort, but local anaesthesia is typically used during the procedure.
At Lupin Diagnostics, results for the IHC marker - CD5 test are delivered within 7 days. Turnaround time may vary slightly depending on the complexity of the case and the pathologist's interpretation.
Not necessarily. CD5 is normally present on healthy T cells, so a positive result in T-cell-rich tissue may be expected. The result must be reviewed alongside other diagnostic markers, clinical findings, and patient history by a qualified pathologist before any conclusion is drawn.
No. CD5 is one marker within a panel used to diagnose and classify blood cancers. Other B-cell and T-cell markers are needed alongside CD5 to arrive at an accurate diagnosis. Your doctor will order additional tests based on your clinical presentation.
No. The IHC marker - CD5 test requires a formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue block, which can only be obtained through a biopsy performed at a medical facility. Home collection is not available for this test.
IHC Marker - CD5 Test: Booking, Price, and Results
