HLA-DRB1*1501 Genotyping (Multiple Sclerosis) Test
About HLA-DRB1*1501 Genotyping (Multiple Sclerosis) Test
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | HLA-DRB1*15:01 Genotyping, HLA-DR15 Typing, HLA-DRB1 MS Susceptibility Test |
| Sample Type | Peripheral blood (EDTA tube) |
| Fasting Required | No fasting required |
| Report Time | 20 days |
| Recommended For | Adults of any gender, particularly those aged 20 to 40 with a family history of multiple sclerosis or suggestive neurological symptoms |
| Price | Starting at ₹4,800 |
What is an HLA-DRB1*1501 Genotyping (Multiple Sclerosis) Test?
The HLA-DRB1*1501 Genotyping test is a specialised genetic blood test that checks whether a person carries a specific gene variant associated with an increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS). It analyses DNA from a small blood sample using molecular sequencing techniques. Doctors typically order this test when a patient presents with neurological symptoms suggestive of MS or has a family history of the condition. It is also known as HLA-DR15 Typing or the HLA-DRB1 MS Susceptibility Test.
What Does an HLA-DRB1*1501 Genotyping (Multiple Sclerosis) Test Measure?
This test looks at a specific variant within the HLA-DRB1 gene, which is part of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex. The HLA complex helps the immune system tell the difference between the body's own proteins and those from foreign invaders such as viruses.
The table below explains what the test analyses and why it matters:
| Component | What It Is | Why It Matters |
|---|---|---|
| HLA-DRB1*1501 allele | A specific variant of the HLA-DRB1 gene | This variant is linked to a significantly higher genetic susceptibility to multiple sclerosis |
| HLA-DR protein | A protein complex produced by the HLA-DRB1 gene | This protein presents protein fragments to the immune system; certain variants may trigger abnormal immune responses |
The test produces a qualitative result: the allele is either detected or not detected. It is not a numerical measurement.
Why is a HLA-DRB1*1501 Genotyping (Multiple Sclerosis) Test Done?
This test is ordered as part of the diagnostic workup for multiple sclerosis. It helps doctors assess an individual's genetic susceptibility to MS alongside clinical findings, MRI results, and other investigations.
Common Symptoms That May Require This Test
A doctor may request this test if you are experiencing one or more of the following symptoms:
- Tingling or numbness in the arms, legs, or face
- An electrical shock-like sensation running down the back and into the limbs (known as Lhermitte's sign)
- Blurred or double vision
- Unexplained muscle weakness
- Difficulty with coordination and balance
- Dizziness
- Poor bladder or bowel control
Conditions This Test Can Help Detect
The HLA-DRB1*1501 Genotyping test is used to assess genetic risk in connection with the following:
- Genetic susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS)
- Elevated MS risk in individuals who carry this allele (research suggests roughly a three-fold higher risk compared to non-carriers)
- Part of broader MS diagnostic evaluation, alongside clinical, neurological, and imaging assessments
This test does not diagnose MS on its own. A positive result indicates increased genetic predisposition, not a confirmed diagnosis.
How to Prepare and What to Expect
No special preparation is needed for the HLA-DRB1*1501 Genotyping test procedure. The steps below will help you feel ready on the day.
Do You Need to Fast?
No. Fasting is not required for this test. Because the test analyses your DNA rather than blood chemistry, eating or drinking before the test has no effect on the results. You may continue your normal diet and daily routine.
Practical Tips Before Your Test
Keep the following in mind before your appointment:
- You may eat and drink normally before the test.
- Bring a detailed clinical history, including your symptoms, previous test results, and family history, as this is required for the test.
- Inform your doctor of any medications you are currently taking, though these do not typically affect genetic test results.
- Ensure you have a valid referral from a doctor, as this is a super-specialised test.
- Plan to discuss your results with a neurologist or a specialist in genetic counselling.
Step-by-Step Procedure
Here is what happens during sample collection:
- A trained phlebotomist (a professional who collects blood samples) cleans the skin on the inside of your elbow with an antiseptic wipe.
- An elastic band is placed around your upper arm to make the veins easier to locate.
- A small blood sample of approximately 2 mL is drawn into an EDTA tube (a special collection tube that prevents the blood from clotting).
- The tourniquet is removed, a cotton swab is pressed to the site, and the puncture is covered with a small plaster.
- The sample is labelled with your details and stored at 2 to 8 degrees Celsius before dispatch to the laboratory.
- At the laboratory, the DNA is extracted and analysed using Sanger sequencing to identify whether the HLA-DRB1*1501 allele is present.
Factors That Can Affect Accuracy
Certain factors may influence the quality or reliability of results:
- Inadequate sample volume or poor DNA quality at the time of collection
- Incorrect storage or transport conditions (the sample must be kept refrigerated)
- Rare errors caused by mutations at the primer or probe sites used during sequencing
- Incorrect patient identification or sample labelling
- Non-adherence to validated laboratory protocols
Understanding Your HLA-DRB1*1501 Genotyping (Multiple Sclerosis) Test Results
Results for this test are reported as "Detected" or "Not Detected" rather than numerical values. The table below explains what each result means:
| Result | Interpretation |
|---|---|
| Detected (Positive) | The HLA-DRB1*1501 allele is present; indicates increased genetic susceptibility to MS but does not confirm a diagnosis |
| Not Detected (Negative) | The HLA-DRB1*1501 allele is absent; reduces risk associated with this specific allele, but MS may still develop through other pathways |
A positive result means you carry a gene variant linked to approximately three times the average genetic risk of MS. However, many people who carry this allele never develop the condition. A negative result does not rule out MS entirely.
Disclaimer: These ranges are general guidelines. Your doctor will interpret your results based on your age, health history, and other factors. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional for personalised medical advice.
How to Maintain Healthy Levels
While a genetic result cannot be changed, the following general wellness steps may support nervous system health:
- Maintain adequate vitamin D levels through safe sun exposure and a balanced diet, as low vitamin D has been associated with MS risk in research.
- Engage in regular physical activity to support overall health and well-being.
- Avoid smoking, which has been identified as an environmental risk factor for MS in epidemiological studies.
Lupin Diagnostics HLA-DRB1*1501 Genotyping (Multiple Sclerosis) Test Price and Home Collection
The HLA-DRB1*1501 Genotyping test cost at Lupin Diagnostics starts at ₹4,800, and home sample collection is available across cities.
| City | Approximate Price (₹) |
|---|---|
| BHOPAL | 4800 |
| CHENNAI | 4800 |
| HYDERABAD | 4800 |
| KOLKATA | 4800 |
| NAVI MUMBAI | 4800 |
| PUNE | 4800 |
Disclaimer: Prices are indicative and may vary by location. Please confirm the current price at the time of booking.
How to Book
Follow these steps to book your HLA-DRB1*1501 Genotyping test online:
- Select the test on the Lupin Diagnostics website.
- Choose your city and preferred time slot.
- Opt for home sample collection by a certified phlebotomist, or visit your nearest Lupin Diagnostics centre.
- Receive your report via email or WhatsApp within the stipulated turnaround time.
Home Collection
Lupin Diagnostics offers home sample collection for this test across multiple cities. A certified phlebotomist visits your home at your chosen time to collect the blood sample. All samples are processed in NABL-accredited laboratories, and your report is delivered digitally for easy access.
Frequently Asked Questions
This genetic test checks whether you carry the HLA-DRB1*1501 allele, a gene variant linked to an increased risk of multiple sclerosis. It is used as part of the diagnostic workup for MS, alongside clinical examination, MRI, and other investigations. It does not confirm or rule out MS on its own.
No. A positive result means you carry a genetic variant associated with higher susceptibility to MS, but many people with this allele never develop the condition. A confirmed MS diagnosis requires a full clinical evaluation by a neurologist, including imaging and other tests.
No fasting is required. This test analyses your DNA, so your eating or drinking habits beforehand have no effect on the result. You can follow your normal routine on the day of collection.
The report is typically available within 20 days. This is because the test involves specialised molecular analysis using Sanger sequencing, which requires more time than routine blood tests.
Your doctor may recommend this test if you have neurological symptoms such as numbness, vision problems, or muscle weakness that could suggest MS, or if you have a family history of the condition. It is usually ordered as part of a broader diagnostic investigation, not in isolation.
Yes. A trained phlebotomist can visit your home to collect the 2 mL blood sample. The sample is then transported to the laboratory under the correct storage conditions for analysis.
HLA-DRB1*1501 Genotyping (Multiple Sclerosis) Test
