DPT Antibodies, Serum
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About DPT Antibodies, Serum
The diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus (DPT) antibodies, serum test is conducted to determine the levels of antibodies produced in response to the bacteria causing diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus. The DPT vaccine is given during early childhood to provide protection against these illnesses, and the DPT antibodies test is used to determine if the body has developed immunity against these diseases.
Vaccines that target specific infectious diseases such as diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus help reduce the severity of symptoms and lower the risk of complications. In cases where immunity levels diminish, there is a risk of these vaccine-preventable diseases spreading, emphasizing the importance of monitoring immune status, and receiving booster vaccinations.
Symptoms of DPT
Diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus are bacterial infections that can result in severe health complications. The symptoms of each of these diseases are as follows:
Diphtheria
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Fever
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Fatigue
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Swollen glands in the neck
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Mild cough
Pertussis
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Severe coughing fits
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Extreme tiredness
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Vomiting
Tetanus
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Muscle spasms
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Muscle stiffness
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Difficulty swallowing
What tests are included in the Double Marker Reflex to NIPT?
The blood sample is tested for:
Free Beta hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin):
This hormone is produced by the placenta. In pregnant women whose fetus has Down syndrome, the hCG level tends to be higher. Conversely, in fetuses with Edward’s syndrome, the hCG levels are lower
Pregnancy associated plasma protein (PAPP-A):
It is initially synthesized by the developing placenta. Throughout the course of a typical pregnancy, the concentration of this protein gradually rises in the bloodstream of the expectant mother until childbirth. A decrease in PAPP-A levels is commonly observed in Down syndrome or Edwards syndrome
Who should get tested?
The DPT antibodies, serum test is recommended for individuals who need to confirm their immune system status, such as
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Healthcare workers
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Individuals with uncertain vaccination history
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Individuals who are traveling to regions with a high incidence of these infections
Preparation for the test
No special preparation is required for the DPT antibodies, serum test.
Interpretation of Test Results
The normal reference ranges are given in International Units Per Milliliter (IU/mL).
| Antibody | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Diphtheria toxoid IgG antibody | ≥0.01 IU/mL | <0.01 IU/mL |
| Tetanus toxoid IgG antibody | ≥0.01 IU/mL | <0.01 IU/mL |
| Pertussis toxin IgG antibody | ≥100 IU/mL | <40 IU/mL |
Diphtheria:
Results equal to or exceeding 0.01 IU/mL are indicative of a vaccine response.
It is advisable for individuals whose antidiphtheria toxoid IgG levels range from 0.01 to less than 0.1 IU/mL to consider receiving a diphtheria toxoid booster shot.
Tetanus:
Results equal to or exceeding 0.01 IU/mL are indicative of a vaccine response.
It is advisable for individuals whose antitetanus toxoid IgG values range from 0.01 and 0.5 IU/mL to consider receiving a tetanus toxoid booster shot.
Pertussis:
If the results are equal to or greater than 100 IU/mL, the presence of IgG antibodies to pertussis toxin (PT) is detected. This indicates a recent infection with or recent vaccination against Bordetella pertussis.
If the results were below less than 40 IU/mL, there were no IgG antibodies against pertussis toxin (PT) detected, suggesting that individuals should consider a pertussis booster shot.
FAQs on DPT Antibodies, Serum
A healthcare provider will draw a small blood sample from a vein in your arm using a needle. The blood will be collected in a test tube or vial and sent to the lab for analysis.
There are no known risks associated with this test. During a blood test, one may experience minor pain or bruising where the needle was inserted, but most symptoms will subside quickly.
The DPT antibodies, serum test result is usually available within 2 working days after the sample collection. This duration may vary depending on the particular diagnostic clinic.
Vaccination can greatly decrease the risk of infection, yet it does not ensure total immunity. Over time, the vaccine's efficacy may diminish, or the bacteria could mutate, leading to a potential risk of contracting DPT even after prior vaccination, though this occurrence is extremely rare.
If your DPT result is negative, meaning that antibodies are present at low levels, it suggests that you have either not been vaccinated or have not received a booster dose. If you are uncertain about your vaccination status or have not received any vaccinations, it is advisable to consult your healthcare provider regarding the DPT vaccine.
DPT Antibodies, Serum
