Bone Marrow, MPO Stain Test: Booking, Price, and Results
About Bone Marrow, MPO Stain Test: Booking, Price, and Results
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | Myeloperoxidase Stain, MPO Stain, MPO Cytochemical Stain, Bone Marrow Peroxidase Stain |
| Sample Type | Bone marrow aspirate smear |
| Fasting Required | No fasting required |
| Report Time | 2 days |
| Recommended For | All age groups; males and females when leukaemia or myeloid disorders are suspected |
| Price | Starting at ₹450 |
What is a Bone Marrow, MPO Stain Test?
The Bone Marrow, MPO Stain test is a specialised laboratory test that detects the presence of myeloperoxidase (MPO), an enzyme found in certain white blood cells. The test is performed on a bone marrow aspirate sample collected from the hip bone. It is also known as the Myeloperoxidase Stain or MPO Cytochemical Stain. Doctors typically order this test when a patient shows signs of leukaemia or a related blood disorder.
What Does a Bone Marrow, MPO Stain Test Measure?
The MPO Stain test examines bone marrow cells for the presence and activity of the myeloperoxidase enzyme. The following parameters are assessed during the test:
| Parameter | What It Shows |
|---|---|
| MPO presence in blast cells | Whether immature blood cells (blasts) carry the myeloperoxidase enzyme |
| Staining pattern and intensity | The degree of enzyme activity; strong brown staining indicates myeloid lineage |
| Percentage of MPO-positive blasts | Proportion of blast cells showing positive staining, used to classify leukaemia type |
Normal mature neutrophils and their precursors show strong MPO positivity. Lymphoid cells, by contrast, do not carry this enzyme and appear MPO-negative.
Why is a Bone Marrow, MPO Stain Test Done?
Doctors order the Bone Marrow, MPO Stain test to identify the origin of abnormal blood cells and to distinguish between different types of leukaemia.
Common Symptoms That May Require This Test
The following symptoms may prompt a doctor to order this test:
- Persistent tiredness or fatigue without a clear cause
- Unusual paleness of skin
- Breathlessness during routine activity
- Recurrent or prolonged infections
- Unexplained fever or night sweats
- Unusual bruising or bleeding
- Unexplained weight loss
Conditions This Test Can Help Detect
This test can support the diagnosis of several blood-related conditions, including:
- Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), a cancer of the blood-forming cells
- Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), where MPO-negative blasts help distinguish it from AML
- Mixed phenotype acute leukaemia (MPAL), which has both myeloid and lymphoid features
- Leukaemia subtypes based on blast cell lineage
- Congenital MPO deficiency is an inherited condition where neutrophils lack this enzyme
- Lymphoma and related blood cancers
- Anaemia and pancytopenia (low levels of all blood cell types)
Bone Marrow, MPO Stain Test for Chronic Disease Monitoring
This test is not used only for initial diagnosis. It can also be repeated during treatment to check how well the body is responding to therapy. In patients receiving chemotherapy for AML or related conditions, changes in MPO expression in bone marrow samples can indicate whether treatment is working. Doctors may order the test at different points in the treatment course to track progress.
How to Prepare and What to Expect
No special preparation is required for the Bone Marrow, MPO Stain test, but there are a few practical steps to keep in mind before your appointment.
Do You Need to Fast?
No fasting is required for this test. You may eat and drink normally before the procedure. Continue your regular medications unless your doctor advises otherwise.
Practical Tips Before Your Test
The following steps will help your appointment go smoothly:
- Bring a detailed clinical history report, including your symptoms, previous test results, and family history, as this is required for the test
- Bring any recent laboratory reports, as these are also required
- Inform your doctor about any blood-thinning medications you are taking, as you may need to pause them before the procedure
- Let your doctor know about any allergies, particularly to local anaesthetics
- Wear comfortable, loose-fitting clothing that allows easy access to the hip area
Step-by-Step Procedure
Here is what happens during a bone marrow aspirate collection:
- You lie on your side or stomach. Most samples are collected from the back of the hip bone, known as the iliac crest.
- The skin over the collection site is cleaned with an antiseptic solution.
- A local anaesthetic is injected into the area to numb the skin and underlying tissue.
- A needle is passed through the skin into the bone, and the liquid portion of the bone marrow is drawn out by suction.
- The collected sample is spread onto a glass slide, fixed in a fixative solution, and treated with a special dye that reacts with myeloperoxidase.
- The stained slide is examined under a microscope by a trained pathologist, and the results are reported.
Factors That Can Affect Accuracy
The following factors may affect the reliability of your results:
- Active infections or inflammatory conditions, which can raise MPO levels in non-malignant cells
- Certain medications, including some used in cancer treatment
- Poor sample preservation or improper fixation during slide preparation
- Temperature conditions during the staining process
Understanding Your Bone Marrow, MPO Stain Test Results
Results from this test must always be reviewed by a qualified doctor alongside your clinical history and other investigations. The table below outlines general reference thresholds used in interpreting MPO results.
| Method | MPO Positivity Threshold |
|---|---|
| Cytochemistry | 3% or more of blast cells staining positive |
| Flow cytometry | 10% or more of blast cells staining positive |
| Immunohistochemistry | 3% or more of blast cells staining positive |
Disclaimer: These ranges are general guidelines. Your doctor will interpret your results based on your age, health history, and other factors. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional for personalised medical advice.
Results During Special Conditions
Certain underlying conditions may influence MPO levels and the interpretation of results. Active infections, severe inflammatory states, and conditions such as diabetes mellitus or lead poisoning have been associated with secondary MPO deficiency, where MPO activity appears reduced without a primary blood cancer being present. Myelodysplastic syndrome and myeloproliferative disorders may also show reduced MPO activity. Your doctor will take these factors into account when reviewing your report.
How to Maintain Healthy Levels
These general tips support overall blood health:
- Eat a balanced diet that includes iron-rich foods, leafy greens, and adequate protein to support healthy blood cell production.
- Attend regular health check-ups if you have a personal or family history of blood disorders.
- Report symptoms such as unexplained fatigue, recurrent infections, or unusual bleeding to your doctor promptly rather than waiting for them to worsen.
Lupin Diagnostics Bone Marrow, MPO Stain Test Price
The Bone Marrow, MPO Stain test is available at Lupin Diagnostics starting at ₹450. This test requires a visit to a Lupin Diagnostics centre; home collection is not available for this test, as bone marrow aspiration must be performed by a trained professional in a clinical setting.
| City | Approximate Price (₹) |
|---|---|
| BHOPAL | 450 |
| CHENNAI | 450 |
| HYDERABAD | 450 |
| KOLKATA | 450 |
| NAVI MUMBAI | 450 |
| PUNE | 450 |
Disclaimer: Prices are indicative and may vary by location. Please confirm the current price at the time of booking.
How to Book
Follow these steps to book your Bone Marrow, MPO Stain test online:
- Select the test on the Lupin Diagnostics website.
- Choose your city and preferred centre location.
- Visit the centre at your scheduled time for sample collection.
- Receive your report via email or WhatsApp within the stipulated turnaround time.
Frequently Asked Questions
The primary purpose of this test is to tell acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) apart. It does this by checking whether abnormal blast cells contain myeloperoxidase, an enzyme specific to myeloid cells. This distinction is important for deciding the right course of treatment.
No fasting is required. You can eat and drink as normal before your appointment. However, do bring your recent laboratory reports and a detailed clinical history, as these are needed before the test can be processed.
A local anaesthetic is used to numb the area before the needle is inserted, so most people feel little more than brief pressure or mild discomfort. Some soreness at the collection site may persist for a day or two after the procedure.
At Lupin Diagnostics, the report is typically delivered within 2 days. Your doctor will then review the findings alongside your other test results and clinical history.
No, home collection is not available for the Bone Marrow, MPO Stain test procedure. Bone marrow aspiration requires a trained healthcare professional and a clinical setting with appropriate equipment. You will need to visit a Lupin Diagnostics centre for this test.
A positive result means myeloperoxidase was detected in the blast cells examined. This finding points towards a myeloid origin of the cells and supports a diagnosis of AML or a related myeloid disorder. Your doctor will review this alongside other investigations before making any diagnosis.
A negative result means the tested cells do not contain myeloperoxidase. This is typically seen in lymphoid blast cells, as in ALL. A negative result may also point to inherited or acquired MPO deficiency. All results must be interpreted by your doctor in the context of your full clinical picture.
Bone Marrow, MPO Stain Test: Booking, Price, and Results
