Anti-Desmoglein III Antibody (DSG III) Test
About Anti-Desmoglein III Antibody test
The anti-desmoglein III antibody test is used to identify the presence of anti-desmoglein III antibodies in the serum sample.
Pemphigus is a group of autoimmune diseases characterized by the formation of blisters within the skin. These diseases are known for causing severe damage to the skin. In individuals with pemphigus, the presence of antibodies to desmoglein 1 (DSG1) and desmoglein 3 (DSG3) has been observed. Pemphigus foliaceus, a superficial form of pemphigus found in patients, leads to the production of antibodies to DSG1. Conversely, patients with pemphigus vulgaris, a deeper form of pemphigus, have antibodies to DSG3 and sometimes DSG1 as well. The purpose of this test is to identify the presence of desmoglein 3 antibodies.
Thus, getting this test done is recommended to aid in the diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris.
Test preparation
In order to prevent the occurrence of lipemic serum (visible turbidity in serum sample due to lipoprotein particles), it is recommended that patients either fast overnight or wait for at least one hour after consuming a meal before having their blood drawn.
Interpretation of test results
The anti-desmoglein III antibody test results are available as either positive or negative.
Positive test results
A positive test result indicates the presence of antibodies to the desmoglein 3 in the serum sample. If the results obtained have a value of 20 RU/ml (relative units/millilitre) or higher, additional tests must be conducted to confirm the disease diagnosis.
Negative test results
A negative test result (<20 RU/mL) indicates the absence of antibodies to the desmoglein 3 in the serum sample.
FAQs
How is the sample collected for an anti-desmoglein III antibody test?
A blood sample is collected from a vein in your arm using a small needle. Usually, this procedure does not take more than 5 minutes.
What is the turnaround time (TAT) for anti-desmoglein III antibody test?
The anti-desmoglein III antibody test result is usually available within the same day after the sample collection. This duration may vary depending upon the diagnostic clinic.
Are there any risks associated with anti-desmoglein III antibody test?
This test involves negligible risk. There might be slight soreness or tenderness around the site where the blood is drawn. Rarely, the site can become infected.
Can this test be used to differentiate between types of pemphigus?
The anti-desmoglein III antibody test helps in detecting whether there are antibodies to DSG3 present or not, but it is not specifically used to identify a particular type of pemphigus.
What are the complications of pemphigus vulgaris?
The presence of blisters can be quite painful and uncomfortable. Once they heal, they may leave behind persistent dark patches on the skin that can last for months. Fortunately, most individuals with pemphigus vulgaris experience significant relief through effective treatment. However, if this condition is left untreated, it can lead to severe pain and an increased susceptibility to infection.
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