AML1/ETO t (8 21) (AML M2) FISH
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What is AML1/ETO t (8 21) (AML M2) FISH Test?
The AML1/ETO t (8 21) (AML M2) FISH test is used to identify the 8;21 translocation, which is characteristic of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
AML is a rare form of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. The term "acute" refers to the disease's swift progression. It is called myeloid leukemia because it primarily affects the myeloid cells, a specific group of white blood cells responsible for the development of different types of mature blood cells, including white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets.
Thus, it is recommended to get this test done for detecting recurrent common chromosome abnormalities in AML patients.
This test is also known as t(8;21); 8;21 Translocation, AML1-ETO Translocation, RUNX1-RUNX1T1 Fusion, AML1/ETO Fusion, RUNX1-RUNX1T1 Translocation
Symptoms of acute myeloid leukemia
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Dizziness
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Easy bruising or bleeding
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Fatigue
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Fever
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Night sweats
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Frequent infections
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Headaches
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Loss of appetite
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Unexplained weight loss
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Pale skin
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Shortness of breath
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Swollen lymph nodes
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Back, bone or abdominal pain
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Tiny red spots on skin
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Wounds or sores that do not go away
What is AML1/ETO t (8 21) (AML M2) FISH test used for?
This test is performed to:
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Identify patients with AML with the 8;21 translocation (AML1/ETO fusion)
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Monitor treatment response in patients with AML with the 8;21 translocation
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Detect residual disease in patients with AML and the 8;21 translocation
Preparation for the test
No special preparation is required for an AML1/ETO t (8 21) (AML M2) FISH test
Interpretation of test results
The test result may come as positive or negative. The FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) results can indicate the presence or absence of rearrangement.
Positive test results
In a cell with the t (8;21) translocation, two fusion signals will be seen, indicating the presence of the rearranged chromosomes. Additionally, one signal will appear orange, while the other will appear green.
Negative test results
In a normal cell two orange and two green signals will be seen
FAQs on AML1/ETO t (8 21) (AML M2) FISH Test
A blood sample is collected from a vein in your arm using a small needle. Usually, this procedure does not take more than 5 minutes.
The test result is usually available within 5-6 working days after the sample collection. This duration may vary depending upon the diagnostic clinic
The blood test for AML1/ETO t (8 21) (AML M2) FISH involves negligible risk. There might be slight soreness or tenderness around the site where the blood is drawn. Rarely, the site can become infected
The exact causes of acute myeloid leukemia are still uncertain. This condition arises when specific genes or chromosomes undergo mutations, resulting in the formation of abnormal blood cells. These genetic alterations can occur during an individual's lifetime due to DNA changes, if one inherits a genetic disorder such as Down syndrome, Fanconi anemia, etc. that heightens the risk of AML development, or if there is a modification in certain genes within the sperm or egg of biological parents
While the majority of AML cases occur in individuals aged 60 and above, it is important to note that this type of leukemia can also arise in younger adults and children
AML1/ETO t (8 21) (AML M2) FISH
