TTG-DGP Test
TTG-DGP Test
The TTG-DGP Test is a combination of tissue transglutaminase (tTG) IgA/IgG and deamidated gliadin peptide (DGP) IgA/IgG antibody tests, primarily used for the diagnosis and monitoring of celiac disease. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder where the ingestion of gluten triggers an immune response, causing damage to the small intestine and leading to malabsorption of nutrients.
The tTG-IgA test is the most widely used and recommended screening test for celiac disease. However, in cases where IgA deficiency is present, the tTG-IgG or DGP-IgG test serves as a reliable alternative. DGP antibodies help detect early-stage or mild celiac disease, especially in young children or individuals with atypical symptoms.
What is the TTG-DGP Test Used For?
- Screening and diagnosing celiac disease.
- Identifying gluten-induced autoimmune reactions in individuals with unexplained digestive issues.
- Monitoring adherence to a gluten-free diet in diagnosed celiac patients.
- Assessing individuals with atypical or non-gastrointestinal symptoms of celiac disease.
Symptoms of coeliac disease
The symptoms of coeliac disease may vary based on your age, gender, and medical history. Common symptoms include
Bloating (feeling fullness in the belly)
Chronic diarrhoea
Constipation
Nausea and vomiting
Abdominal pain
Weight loss
Fatigue
Headache
Depression and anxiety
Irritability (in children)
Itchy rash with blisters (mainly in adults)
Iron-deficiency anemia that does not respond to treatment
Preparation for the Test
- A gluten-containing diet should be maintained for at least 6 weeks before testing.
- No fasting is required.
- Inform your doctor about any immunosuppressive medications, as they may affect antibody levels.
- A blood sample is drawn from a vein and sent for laboratory analysis.
Interpretation of Test Results
|
Test Component |
Interpretation |
|
Positive tTG-IgA |
Strongly suggests celiac disease; requires further confirmation with biopsy. |
|
Negative tTG-IgA |
Celiac disease unlikely, but other tests may be needed in symptomatic individuals. |
|
Positive DGP-IgG |
May indicate early or mild celiac disease, especially in IgA-deficient individuals. |
|
Negative DGP-IgG |
Low likelihood of celiac disease, but clinical correlation is necessary. |
A positive result typically requires confirmation with small intestine biopsy via endoscopy.
FAQs
How does the TTG-DGP test differ from a gluten intolerance test?
- The TTG-DGP test detects autoimmune celiac disease, whereas gluten intolerance (non-celiac gluten sensitivity) does not involve an autoimmune response.
Can I have celiac disease with negative TTG and DGP tests?
- Yes, in rare cases, additional tests like endoscopic biopsy or HLA genetic testing may be needed for confirmation.
How long does it take to receive results?
- Results are typically available within 3 to 7 days, depending on the laboratory.
Will my antibody levels decrease on a gluten-free diet?
- Yes, antibody levels should decline within 6 to 12 months of strict gluten avoidance.
What should I do if my test is positive?
- Consult a gastroenterologist for further evaluation and discuss the need for a small intestine biopsy.
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