Sodium Valproate Level (Valproic Acid)
Sodium Valproate Level (Valproic Acid)
Sodium Valproate is a medicine that is prescribed for seizure (epileptic) and bipolar disorders. It helps in decreasing the number of episodes of seizure and its severity. Sodium valproate level testing is done to check the level of sodium valproate in the blood. This test helps the doctors determine the proper dose of the drug required for the patient. A proper dose would be effective in preventing epileptic episodes without producing side effects such as diarrhoea, nausea, dizziness, lethargy, etc. The level of sodium valproate in the blood varies from person to person and is influenced by the patient’s liver health, age and other accompanying medications prescribed. These factors affect the rate at which it is broken down or metabolised by the liver and also its level in the blood
What is the Sodium Valproate Level Test Used For?
This test is used to detect the levels of sodium valproate in the blood of the patient, which helps the doctor determine the proper dose and formulation of the drug, which would suit the patient.
This test checks if the lowest level of the drug required for it to work to prevent seizures or bipolar disorder episodes, is being maintained in the patient. The doctor may advise this test when the current dose of the medication is not effective in controlling the symptoms of the patient and there is a need to change the dose. If the patient is suffering from side effects from the medicine, either due to a low or high dose, the doctor may have to revise the medication and this test would help in deciding the further course of action
Symptoms of Sodium Valproate Toxicity
This test is recommended for people who may be suffering from side effects of sodium valproate, either due to high or low dose and may require a dose adjustment. Some of these side effects due to the higher dose of sodium valproate are
Nausea
Vomiting
Diarrhoea
Unexplained Weight gain or Loss
Dizziness
Tiredness
Mood fluctuations
Temporary hair loss
Liver dysfunction
Pancreatitis
Ineffective or lower dose of sodium valproate may lead to:
Seizures or epileptic episodes
Depressive Episodes associated with bipolar disorder
Migraines or headaches
Preparation for Test
Before the test, let your general physician know of any medication, supplements or treatments that you are undergoing, as these may affect the levels of valproate in the blood. This test is usually performed just before the next dose of valproate medication is due; to determine the stable, minimum level of valproate that is being maintained in the blood for it to prevent epileptic episodes or depressive episodes
Interpretation of Test Results
The levels of valproate in the blood which is effective without causing major side effects, also called the therapeutic window, is 50-120 milligrams per litre.
If the level of valproate is lower than 50 milligrams per litre, it may not be effective in preventing epileptic episodes or depressive episodes. If the levels of valproate are higher than 120 milligrams per litre, it may cause side effects. There might also be a chance of severe side effects like liver injury or dysfunction and other complications, though rare. Doctors will adjust the dose of the medicine according to the patient’s needs. If the valproate levels are within the therapeutic window and there are minimal seizure or bipolar disorder related episodes, then the dose is appropriate
FAQs
How is the sample collected for the sodium valproate test?
A blood sample is collected from a vein in your arm. For children, blood sample may be collected from the heel
What is the turnaround time (TAT) for valproate test?
The test results may take 3-7 days to arrive. This time would vary depending on the diagnostic laboratory that has taken the sample for analysis
Is valproate safe to take during pregnancy?
Doctors may not recommend sodium valproate during pregnancy or to people of child bearing age, as it is known to cause birth defects like spina bifida
Can valproate cause liver damage?
Certain liver enzymes may get elevated if the dosage of the medication is not appropriate, which would become normal with adjusted dose of the medication. Younger and older people are at increased risk of rare complications like liver dysfunction or pancreatitis (swelling of the pancreas).
When should we give the blood sample for this test?
Depending on the formulation of the valproate being taken, if it is a slow release formula, releasing over a period of time or a fast release one, doctors would recommend the correct time for giving the sample. Usually the blood sample is taken before the next dose of the medicine is due
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