SMA 12+2 Test
SMA 12+2 Test
SMA 12+2 test or Sequential Multi-Analyser Biochemical panel test is a routine test that the doctors recommend for an overall assessment of your health. This test helps monitor liver and kidney functions which can be important if you have suffered from conditions affecting these organs. It also helps in assessing the blood sugar level, and if the fluid balance in the body is being maintained. Doctor can assess the effects of certain medicines on the function of the body with this test. By measuring the levels of electrolytes, enzymes and waste products released by the organs, it can help doctors understand clues behind unexplained symptoms like fatigue.
What is the SMA 12+2 Test Used For?
SMA 12+2 test can be used to assess 14 components in the body which reflect the status of
Kidney Function
Liver Function
Balance of fluids and the pH balance
Protein levels
Blood sugar levels
Which Tests are Included in SMA 12+2 Test?
There are fourteen components in this test. These tests check for levels of the following in the blood
Albumin
-
It is a protein made by the liver; it helps in maintaining the fluids inside the blood vessels so that they do not leak out into the surrounding tissues.
Total Protein
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Albumins and globulins are two main types of protein present in your blood that makes up the total protein.
Alkaline phosphatase, Alanine amino transferase, Aspartate aminotransferase
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· They are three enzymes that help the liver function properly.
Total Bilirubin
-
A waste chemical removed by the liver.
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
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This is a waste product that the kidney releases. Higher than normal values in the blood would indicate that kidney is not filtering the wastes properly.
Creatinine
-
it is also a waste product created when muscles are used or due to muscle breakdown, and released by the kidney.
Glucose
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· A simple sugar that helps provide energy to the body for its various tasks.
Calcium
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It is an important element for the nervous system, muscles and organs like the heart to function. It is also an important component for the bones.
Chloride, Bicarbonate, Potassium, Sodium
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These four electrolytes are very important for the overall maintenance of fluid and the pH balance (balance of acids and bases) in the body. Sodium and potassium are especially important for the function of nerves.
Preparation for Test
Before the test, let your general physician know of any medication, supplements or treatments that you are consuming or undergoing. You may have to fast for 8-12 hours or as advised by your physician before the blood sample is taken.
Interpretation of Test Results
The normal reference laboratory values for these 14 tests are given below. The reference values may vary depending on which laboratory is conducting the test and also on region. Having values outside of the reference region should be interpreted by the physician and may indicate an issue with certain organs like liver and kidney, or may indicate conditions such as diabetes. The results may also be influenced by your medical history.
Reference Values:
Protein Levels
Albumin: 34-54 grams per litre
Total Protein: 60-83 grams per litre
Liver Function
Alkaline phosphatase: 20-130 units per litre
Alanine amino transferase: 4-36 units per litre
Aspartate aminotransferase: 8-33 units per litre
Total Bilirubin: 0.1-1.2 milligrams per decilitre
Kidney Function
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN): 6-20 milligrams per decilitre
Creatinine: 0.6-1.3 milligrams per decilitre
Blood Sugar
Glucose: 70-100 milligrams per decilitre
Electrolytes
Calcium: 4.25 – 5.1 milliequivalents per litre
Chloride: 96-106 milliequivalents per litre
Bicarbonate: 23-29 milliequivalents per litre
Potassium: 3.7 – 5.2 milliequivalents per litre
Sodium: 135-145 milliequivalents per litre
FAQs
How is the sample collected for the SMA 12+2 test?
A blood sample is collected from a vein in your arm, after a fasting period of 8 hours or more on the advice of the doctor.
What is the turnaround time (TAT) for SMA 12+2 test?
The tests results should come within 1-2 days after the sample is taken. This time would depend on the diagnostic laboratory that has taken the sample for analysis.
What should we do if certain values are abnormal or out of the reference range?
In case certain values are abnormal, please do not worry and let your doctor interpret the result. The values can be outside of the normal reference range for various reasons, including your medical history. These values provide clues about your overall health, and the doctors would advise more tests to understand what caused these abnormal values.
Can age and sex influence the results?
The values of the components may differ based on the age and sex of the person. The reference values provided here are average values for adults above the age of 18. The reference values may also differ by the region and the diagnostic laboratory performing the tests.
Are there other names for the SMA 12+2 test?
This test is also known as the comprehensive metabolic panel.
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