Protein Electrophoresis, 24-Hour Urine Test: Booking, Price, and Results
About Protein Electrophoresis, 24-Hour Urine Test: Booking, Price, and Results
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | UPEP 24hr Test, Urine Protein Electrophoresis Test, 24-Hour Urine Electrophoresis Test, Urinary Electrophoresis Test |
| Sample Type | 24-hour urine collection |
| Fasting Required | No fasting required |
| Report Time | 1 to 3 days |
| Recommended For | Adults of all genders; particularly for patients with known kidney disorders or those undergoing treatment for protein-related conditions |
| Price | Starting at ₹260 |
What Is a Protein Electrophoresis, 24-Hour Urine Test?
The protein electrophoresis, 24-hour urine test analyses the types and amounts of protein passed in urine over a full 24-hour period. Unlike a routine urine test, which only measures the total amount of protein, this test identifies specific protein fractions, giving doctors a clearer picture of kidney function and certain blood disorders. It is typically ordered when a doctor suspects conditions such as multiple myeloma, kidney disease, or abnormal protein production. The test is also known as the UPEP 24 hr test, urine protein electrophoresis test, 24-hour urine electrophoresis test, or urinary electrophoresis test.
What Does a Protein Electrophoresis, 24-Hour Urine Test Measure?
The 24-hour urine electrophoresis test analyses several protein components excreted in urine. The following table lists the key parameters and their significance:
| Parameter | What It Indicates |
|---|---|
| Total Protein | The overall quantity of protein passed in urine over 24 hours |
| Albumin | The most abundant blood protein; helps maintain fluid balance and transport nutrients |
| Alpha-1 Globulin | Proteins linked to inflammation and liver function |
| Alpha-2 Globulin | Includes proteins that carry haemoglobin and copper; involved in immune response |
| Beta Globulin | Contains proteins that transport iron and support infection defence |
| Gamma Globulin | Antibodies (immunoglobulins) that help fight infection |
| M-spike (Monoclonal Protein) | An abnormal protein band that, if detected, requires further testing to identify its type |
Why Is a Protein Electrophoresis, 24-Hour Urine Test Done?
Doctors order this test when they suspect certain protein abnormalities in the urine or need to monitor a known condition.
Common Symptoms That May Require This Test
The following symptoms are among the most common reasons a doctor may prescribe a urinary electrophoresis test:
- Foamy or bubbly urine, which may suggest excess protein loss
- Unexplained fatigue or weakness
- Bone pain, particularly in the back or ribs
- Unexplained weight loss
- Unusual thirst and frequent urination
- Swelling in the legs, ankles, or face
- Persistent back pain without a clear cause
Conditions This Test Can Help Detect
A urine protein electrophoresis test can help identify or rule out a range of conditions, including:
- Multiple myeloma (a blood cancer affecting plasma cells in the bone marrow)
- Waldenström macroglobulinaemia (a type of lymphoma that produces abnormal antibodies)
- Amyloidosis (a condition where abnormal proteins accumulate in organs and tissues)
- Nephrotic syndrome (characterised by excess protein in urine, low blood protein, and swelling)
- Glomerulonephritis (inflammation of the kidney's filtering units)
- Tubulointerstitial nephritis (inflammation of the kidney tubules and surrounding tissue)
- Bence Jones proteinuria, associated with abnormal light-chain protein production
Protein Electrophoresis, 24-Hour Urine Test for Chronic Disease Monitoring
The UPEP 24 hr test is considered a standard method for monitoring patients with light-chain multiple myeloma. It helps doctors track how well a patient is responding to treatment over time. Results from repeated tests, carried out at intervals set by the treating haematologist, can show whether the disease is progressing, stable, or responding to therapy.
How to Prepare and What to Expect
Preparation for this test is straightforward. The key steps relate to how you collect and store the urine sample, rather than any dietary changes.
Do You Need to Fast?
No fasting is required for the 24-hour urine electrophoresis test. You can eat and drink normally throughout the collection period. However, you should always follow any specific instructions provided by your doctor or laboratory.
Practical Tips Before Your Test
The following steps will help ensure your sample is suitable for accurate analysis:
- Inform your doctor about all medications you are taking, especially penicillin or aspirin, as these may affect results
- If you have had a recent radiographic (X-ray contrast) procedure, tell your doctor before collecting the sample
- Keep the urine collection container in a refrigerator or cool place throughout the entire 24-hour period
- Avoid strenuous exercise during the collection day, as physical exertion can temporarily raise protein levels
- Record your collection start and end times accurately, as these are needed for processing
Step-by-Step Procedure
Follow these steps carefully to complete your 24-hour urine collection correctly:
- On the morning you begin, pass urine as usual and discard it entirely. Note the time (for example, 8:00 AM).
- From that point, collect every urine sample for the next 24 hours into the container provided.
- Keep the sealed container in the refrigerator or a cool area throughout the collection period.
- At the same time the following morning (for example, 8:00 AM the next day), collect your final urine sample and add it to the container.
- Secure the lid tightly and label the container with your name, start time, and end time.
- Return the sealed container promptly to the collection point or arrange for it to be picked up.
Factors That Can Affect Accuracy
Certain factors may affect the reliability of your protein electrophoresis, 24-hour urine test results. These include:
- Incomplete urine collection (missing any voids during the 24-hour window)
- Improper storage, such as leaving the container unrefrigerated
- Contamination of the sample with blood
- Recent use of radiographic contrast agents
- Certain medications, including penicillin and aspirin
- Heavy exercise just before or during the collection period
- Dehydration, which can concentrate the urine and alter readings
Understanding Your Protein Electrophoresis, 24-Hour Urine Test Results
Results from a protein electrophoresis, 24-hour urine test should always be reviewed with your doctor, who will interpret them alongside your full medical history. The table below shows the general reference ranges:
| Parameter | Normal Range | High Levels May Indicate | Low Levels May Indicate |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total Protein | 6.0 – 8.3 g/dL | Dehydration, chronic inflammation, infections, plasma cell disorders (e.g., multiple myeloma) | Liver disease, kidney disease, malnutrition, protein loss |
| Albumin | 3.4 – 5.4 g/dL | Dehydration | Liver disease, nephrotic syndrome, malnutrition, chronic inflammation |
| Alpha-1 Globulin | 0.1 – 0.3 g/dL | Acute inflammation, pregnancy | Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, severe liver disease |
| Alpha-2 Globulin | 0.6 – 1.0 g/dL | Inflammation, nephrotic syndrome, steroid therapy | Haemolysis, severe liver disease |
| Beta Globulin | 0.7 – 1.2 g/dL | Iron deficiency anaemia, hyperlipidaemia, inflammation | Malnutrition, liver disease |
| Gamma Globulin | 0.7 – 1.6 g/dL | Chronic infection, autoimmune disease, liver disease, monoclonal gammopathy | Immunodeficiency disorders, protein loss |
| M-spike (Monoclonal Protein) | Absent / Not detected | Monoclonal gammopathy (MGUS), multiple myeloma, Waldenström macroglobulinemia | Normally absent; low/not detected is considered normal |
These ranges are general guidelines. Your doctor will interpret your results based on your age, health history, and other factors. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional for personalised medical advice.
Results During Special Conditions
Some temporary or situational factors can influence protein electrophoresis test results:
- Vigorous exercise or a high fever can cause a short-term rise in urine protein, which usually resolves on its own.
- Orthostatic proteinuria occurs in some individuals who show higher protein levels after prolonged sitting or standing, but normal levels when lying down.
- Urinary tract infections may temporarily elevate protein readings.
- Dehydration can concentrate urine and lead to readings that appear higher than they truly are.
How to Maintain Healthy Levels
These general tips support kidney health and may help keep protein levels within a normal range:
- Keep blood pressure and blood sugar well managed, particularly if you have diabetes or hypertension.
- Drink adequate water throughout the day to stay properly hydrated.
- Follow a balanced diet and speak with your doctor about appropriate protein intake if you have existing kidney concerns.
Lupin Diagnostics Protein Electrophoresis, 24-Hour Urine Test Price and Home Collection
The protein electrophoresis, 24-hour urine test price starts at approximately ₹260, with home collection available across major Indian cities. The table below shows approximate prices:
| City | Approximate Price (₹) |
|---|---|
| Mumbai | ₹260 |
| Bengaluru | ₹300 |
| Chennai | ₹260 |
| Hyderabad | ₹260 |
| Kolkata | ₹260 |
| Pune | ₹260 |
Prices are indicative and may vary by location. Please confirm the current price at the time of booking.
How to Book
- Select the test on the Lupin Diagnostics website.
- Choose your city and preferred time slot.
- Opt for home sample collection by a certified phlebotomist, or visit your nearest Lupin Diagnostics centre.
- Receive your report via email or WhatsApp within the stipulated turnaround time.
Home Collection
Home collection for the UPEP 24hr test is available across cities. A trained phlebotomist will deliver a sterile collection container along with clear instructions and will arrange pick-up of your completed sample. All samples are processed in NABL-accredited laboratories, and digital reports are accessible via email or WhatsApp once ready.
Frequently Asked Questions
A routine urine protein test tells you only how much total protein is present in your urine. The urine protein electrophoresis test goes further by separating urine proteins into specific fractions, helping doctors identify abnormal proteins linked to conditions such as multiple myeloma or kidney disease patterns.
Begin by discarding your first morning urine and noting the time. Collect every void after that for the next 24 hours, including the final void the following morning at the same time. Keep the container refrigerated throughout and secure the lid firmly before returning it.
Protein levels in urine can vary throughout the day. A 24-hour urine electrophoresis test collection captures the full daily output of protein, giving a more complete and accurate result than a single spot urine sample.
Yes. Strenuous exercise, a high fever, or dehydration can cause a temporary rise in urine protein levels. To avoid this, it is advisable to rest normally and stay hydrated during the collection period.
Yes, home collection is available for the protein electrophoresis, 24-hour urine test. A phlebotomist will bring the collection container to your home, guide you through the process, and arrange for the completed sample to be transported to the laboratory.
The repeat schedule depends on your individual treatment plan and disease activity. During active treatment, the test may be done every few weeks. During stable periods, it may be needed less often. Your haematologist will advise you on the most appropriate monitoring interval.
Protein Electrophoresis, 24-Hour Urine Test: Booking, Price, and Results
