HSV 1&2 DNA detection, Qualitative PCR Test
Herpes simplex virus is a highly transmissible virus that commonly causes sores and rashes on the skin or the tissue lining (mucous membranes) of the nose, throat, mouth, lips, and genitals. However, on rare occasions, this virus can also infect the eyes, liver, and brain, causing inflammation and organ damage. The virus has two types: HSV type 1, which causes oral herpes, and HSV type 2, which causes genital herpes.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a fast and accurate method to evaluate suspected skin and brain infections in patients with compromised immunity or those born to infected pregnant females who are suspected of having HSV.
The HSV 1&2 Qualitative PCR is a single lab test that detects the presence of HSV DNA and accurately determines the causative type in a positive sample. This assay is also less likely to yield false-negative results in individuals with symptoms. The detection of HSV DNA in samples supports the clinical diagnosis of infection.
What is HSV 1&2 Qualitative PCR Used For?
The intended purpose of doing HSV 1&2 Qualitative PCR is
To diagnose disseminated HSV infections(e.g. ,hepatitis) in neonates and immunoddeficient patients.
To differentiate HSV type 1 from type 2
Symptoms of Unusual Herpes Infection
Patients who are immunodeficient (e.g., newborns and HIV patients) or receiving treatment to suppress the body's immunity are at high risk of developing severe HSV infection. Often, they experience more frequent and severe outbreaks of herpes rashes, which can lead to complications such as:
Inflammation in the brain ( meningoencephalitis)
Abnormal changes in lung, spleen, gut, and genitals
Skin and mucosal rashes
Liver failure
Eye infection (keratitis)
Preparation for Test
No special preparation is required before taking this test.
Interpretation of Test Results
Positive result A positive
PCR report usually indicates the presence of HSV DNA( >100 copies/ml)in the blood and likely means a person has herpes.
Negative result
This report suggests an absence of HSV DNA(<100 copies/mL) in the blood but does not still rule out the possibility of herpes.
FAQs
Is it possible for the HSV DNA PCR test to produce false-positive or false-negative results?
The PCR assay for HSV yields relatively accurate results. However, false negatives can occur if the sample is collected too early in the infection or if the virus in the sores is at an undetectable concentration.
How long does it typically take to receive the results of an HSV 1 and 2 DNA PCR - Qualitative panel?
A qualitative PCR assay result for HSV is typically available within a week but can vary from lab to lab.
Is it necessary to have symptoms to undergo an HSV 1 and 2 DNA PCR Qualitative Panel?
While it isn't necessary to have symptoms to undergo the HSV 1 and 2 DNA PCR Qualitative Panel test, a risk of yielding false-positive results exists due to sample contamination. That's why your doctor will order this test only when you have symptoms. Of course, exceptions are made in certain clinical conditions, such as neonatal herpes, meningoencephalitis, keratitis, and severe liver failure.
What should I do if my results have returned positive for HSV 1 and 2 DNA PCR?
If your results have returned positive for HSV DNA, you must follow your doctor's instructions on treatment options, which may include antiviral medications for managing recurring symptoms and reducing the risk of transmission to others.
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