Free Androgen Index (FAI) Test
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About Free Androgen Index (FAI) Test
The Free Androgen Index is a test used to measure levels of androgen, the hormone responsible for sex. A free androgen index calculates the ratio of your body's total testosterone to Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) by measuring the quantity of testosterone in your blood.
Androgen is responsible for controlling fertility and sperm development in men. In males, it is essential for the development of male sex characteristics such as a deeper voice, muscle development, and hair growth. In females, the ovaries produce small amounts of androgen, which influence the overall growth, development of muscle, reproductive tissues, and development of eggs. Healthcare providers use this test to determine any fertility issues.
FAI is used to diagnose various health conditions in children and adults. Thus, getting your free androgen index tested is recommended to prevent abnormal hormone levels related to diseases like erectile dysfunction, fertility problems, osteoporosis (weakening of bones), etc.
Symptoms of androgen levels
Symptoms of low androgen levels in males may include:
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Low sex drive
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Erectile dysfunction
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Enlarged breasts
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Lack of facial or body hair
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Weakening of bones
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Anaemia
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Loss of muscle mass
Symptoms of high androgen levels in females may include:
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Increased facial and body hair
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Hair loss on the head
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Irregular or no menstrual periods
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Voice changes
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Infertility
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Acne
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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
What is Free Androgen Index Test Used For??
FAI test is recommended for the following conditions:
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Diagnosing the cause of symptoms that could be due to abnormal androgen levels
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To find out the cause of early puberty or delayed puberty in children and teens
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Checking on medications that may affect androgen levels
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Monitoring the health of transgender men receiving masculinizing hormone therapy
Preparation for the test
This test is done early in the morning when androgen levels are high. Some medications can also affect androgen levels, so be sure your doctor is aware of what prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines, or dietary supplements you are taking. Ask your doctor about pre-test preparations, and make sure to follow instructions carefully. Androgen levels fluctuate often; therefore, tests are usually repeated if low or high values are found.
The result may vary based on age, gender, and laboratory method.
Interpretation of Results
Normal FAI values by age
| Age (years) | Normal FAI values |
|---|---|
| 20-29 years | 30-128 |
| 30-39 years | 24-122 |
| 40-49 years | 14-126 |
| Older than 49 years | 18-82 |
Deviation from normal levels indicates the following:
If the level of FAI is below 30, it indicates a deficiency of testosterone.
- In males, low androgen levels may indicate chronic liver or kidney disease, pituitary gland disorder, benign tumours, damage to the testicles, alcohol use disorder, and certain genetic diseases such as Klinefelter syndrome.
- In males, high androgen levels may be caused by a tumour in the testicles, steroid use, and adrenal gland disorders like congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).
- In females, extremely low androgen may be a sign of an adrenal gland, a pituitary gland, or an ovarian disorder.
- In females, high androgen levels may be caused by PCOS, ovarian cancer, CAH, and pituitary gland disorders.
FAQs on Free Androgen Index (FAI) Test
The FAI test determines the level of androgen that is produced in your body. The screening, monitoring, diagnosis, and follow-up of infertility as well as other medical conditions can all be done with an FAI blood test.
During this blood test, a healthcare professional will take a small amount of blood from a vein in your arm using a small needle, which is then collected in a test tube or vial. This usually takes less than five minutes.
There are no known risks. During a blood test, one may experience minor pain or bruising where the needle was inserted, but most symptoms will subside quick.
Conditions like pregnancy, having an ovarian or adrenal tumour, Cushing syndrome, and using certain medications like steroids and opiates can increase androgen levels. So, it is recommended that you consult your healthcare provider before getting a FAI test.
Free-androgen test result is usually available within 2-3 working days. Test results might be mailed or made available online through health portals. Your doctor might also contact you by phone or email to go over your test findings or to arrange a follow-up appointment.
Free Androgen Index (FAI) Test
