First Trimester Triple Marker with PLGF Test
First Trimester Triple Marker with PLGF Test
The First Trimester Triple Marker with Placental Growth Factor (PLGF) test is a prenatal screening tool used to assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities and complications during pregnancy. It combines three key markers, Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein A (PAPP-A), free Beta Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (β-hCG), and PLGF, to provide critical insights into fetal health and placental function. This non-invasive test is typically performed between the 11th and 14th weeks of pregnancy.
What is the First Trimester Triple Marker with PLGF Test Used For?
This test is primarily used to:
- Screen for Chromosomal Abnormalities: Assess the risk of conditions like Down syndrome (trisomy 21), Edwards syndrome (trisomy 18), and Patau syndrome (trisomy 13).
- Evaluate Placental Function: Detect complications such as preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, or placental insufficiency.
Support Risk Assessment: Provide information for personalized follow-up, including diagnostic testing or closer monitoring during pregnancy.
Components of the First Trimester Triple Marker with PLGF Test
Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein A (PAPP-A)
-
A protein produced by the placenta during pregnancy. Low levels may indicate an increased risk of chromosomal abnormalities or placental insufficiency.
Free Beta-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (β-hCG)
-
A hormone produced by the placenta. Abnormal levels can suggest chromosomal abnormalities or other pregnancy complications.
Placental Growth Factor (PLGF)
-
A marker of placental health and vascular development. Low levels of PLGF are associated with preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and placental dysfunction.
Symptoms or Indications for the Test
The test is recommended for all pregnant individuals as part of routine first-trimester screening. It may be particularly important if you
Are over 35 years of age
Have a family history of chromosomal disorders
Experienced complications in previous pregnancies, such as preeclampsia or fetal growth restriction
Are carrying multiple fetuses
Have a history of conditions such as diabetes or hypertension
Preparation for the Test
To prepare for the First Trimester Triple Marker with PLGF test:
- Timing: The test is conducted between the 11th and 14th weeks of pregnancy.
- Fasting: Fasting is not required for this test.
- Ultrasound Correlation: A nuchal translucency (NT) ultrasound is often performed alongside this test for more accurate risk assessment.
The test involves collecting a blood sample from a vein in your arm.
Interpretation of Results
- PAPP-A Levels:
- Low Levels: May indicate an increased risk of Down syndrome, preeclampsia, or intrauterine growth restriction.
- Normal/High Levels: Suggest typical placental function.
- Free Beta-hCG Levels:
- High Levels: Associated with an increased risk of Down syndrome.
- Low Levels: May indicate trisomy 18 or other complications.
- PLGF Levels:
- Low Levels: Suggest potential risk for preeclampsia, placental insufficiency, or fetal growth restriction.
- Normal Levels: Indicate healthy placental function.
The results are combined with maternal age, gestational age, and NT ultrasound findings to calculate a comprehensive risk score.
FAQs
Can this test diagnose chromosomal abnormalities?
No, it is a screening test that assesses risk. Confirmatory tests like chorionic villus sampling (CVS) or amniocentesis are needed for diagnosis.
Is the test mandatory?
No, but it is strongly recommended as part of routine prenatal care to identify potential risks early.
What happens if the test shows high risk?
Your doctor may recommend additional diagnostic tests, such as non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT), CVS, or amniocentesis, to confirm the findings.
Is the test safe for the baby?
Yes, the test involves a simple blood draw and poses no risk to the fetus
How long does it take to receive results?
Results are typically available within 3–7 days, depending on the laboratory.
Related tests
Tests At Lupin Diagnostics