Fertility Profile, Female
Fertility Profile, Female
Female fertility tests are conducted to identify the underlying cause of infertility after attempting to conceive through unprotected sexual intercourse. These tests analyze hormones that are essential for the proper functioning of the female reproductive system, providing valuable insights into hormonal balance and overall reproductive health. These include hormonal tests like, estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin, testosterone, thyroid stimulating hormone (LH), and creatinine and blood tests such as creatine serum, complete blood count (CBC), blood glucose fasting (FBC), and anti-sperm antibody.
Thus, getting this test done is recommended for evaluating the hormones responsible for a women’s reproductive health
What tests are included in a fertility profile female test?
The tests included in this profile:
1. Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH), serum: This test measures the levels of anti-mullerian in the blood. AMH levels are used to assess a woman’s ovarian reserve (number of eggs left in the ovaries).
2. Anti Sperm Antibody (ASA): ASA is an antibody produced by the immune system that targets sperm cells. This test is crucial for evaluating infertility.
3. Blood Glucose Fasting (FBS): This is a blood test performed before and during pregnancy to measure blood glucose levels. Diabetes can have implications on fertility and the probability of successful pregnancy.
4. Blood Glucose Postprandial (PPBS): This test is done to check for gestational diabetes, and type 1 and 2 diabetes, these conditions may cause negative effects on fertility.
5. Chlamydia Trachomatis IgA and IgG Antibody: Chlamydia trachomatis is a sexually transmitted infection. This test involves the semi-quantitative detection of specific IgA and IgG antibodies using the enzyme immunoassay (EIA) method. If left untreated, chlamydia can result in damage to the reproductive system.
6. Complete Blood Count (CBC): This test measures the levels of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets in order to aid in the identification of clotting disorders, infections, and anemia.
7. Complete Urine Examination: This test helps to detect the signs of urinary infections, kidney diseases, and metabolic disorders.
8. Creatinine Serum: This test determines the level of creatinine present in the blood. Abnormal creatinine levels can cause kidney dysfunction which can affect overall health.
9. Culture and sensitivity aerobic -VITEK: This test is used to assess the sensitivity of aerobic bacteria that could be the source of infections.
10. Blood Group ABO and Rh: The ABO test involves the identification of particular antigens (proteins) located on the surface of red blood cells, which are then classified into one of the four major blood groups: A, B, AB, or O. The Rh test is used to identify the Rhesus (Rh) factor, which can be either positive (+) or negative (-) depending on the presence or absence of the Rh antigen, respectively. Maintaining Rh factor compatibility is crucial during pregnancy to prevent any potential issues of Rh incompatibility between a mother and her fetus.
11. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH): FSH hormone controls the menstrual cycle and follicle growth. This blood test is used to assess ovarian function and egg supply.
12. Luteinizing Hormone (LH): This test is used to measure the amount of LH in the blood sample, enabling the detection of hormonal imbalances that can result in conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or thyroid dysfunction.
13. Prolactin: This test is used to measure the amount of prolactin in the blood sample. Elevated levels of prolactin inhibit the release of FSH, the hormone responsible for initiating ovulation.
14.Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH): This test is used to measure the amount of TSH in the blood sample. Checking the TSH level can help determine whether the thyroid gland is working as it should
Symptoms of infertility
Not getting pregnant despite actively trying
Irregular mensural cycle
Miscarriages
Breast tenderness
Lower abdominal pain
Obesity
What is the test used for?
The fertility profile female test is recommended :
To diagnose reproductive system issues of the ovaries, uterus, and fallopian tubes
In cases of heavy menstruation or irregular periods
When there is a history of inflammatory disease or pelvic pain
In individuals having recurrent miscarriages
Preparation for Test
The fertility profile includes various tests such as CBC, Blood Group ABO, and Rh, which involve taking a blood sample from the arm. For tests like fasting blood sugar, it is necessary for you to fast for a minimum of 8–10 hours prior to the test. On the other hand, the post-prandial blood glucose test requires you to consume a proper meal two hours before the test. Hormonal tests like FS, LH, and TSH do not require any special preparation. However, it is important to inform your healthcare provider about any prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines, or dietary supplements you may be taking.
Interpretation of Test Results
Anti-sperm antibody:
|
Reference range |
Interpretation |
|
0– 60 U/mL |
Normal |
|
>60 mL |
Elevated |
Blood glucose fasting & Blood glucose postprandial:
|
|
Fasting blood sugar (mg/dl) |
Post-prandial blood sugar (mg/dl) |
|
Normal |
70-100 |
140 and below |
|
Pre-diabetes |
100-125 |
140-199 |
|
Diabetes |
126 and above |
200 and above |
Chlamydia trachomatis IgA Antibody:
Positive test results indicate the presence of IgA antibodies against chlamydia bacteria, suggesting a current infection.
Negative test results indicate the absence of IgA antibodies against chlamydia bacteria.
Chlamydia trachomatis IgG Antibody:
Positive test results indicate the presence of IgG antibodies against chlamydia bacteria, suggesting a chronic or past infection.
Negative test results indicate the absence of IgG antibodies against chlamydia bacteria.
Complete blood count:
|
Parameters |
Normal blood counts |
|
RBC count |
4.2 to 5.4 million cells/mcL |
|
WBC count |
4,500 to 10,000 cells/mcL |
|
Hematocrit |
36.1% to 44.3% |
|
Hemoglobin |
12.1 to 15.1 gm/dL |
|
MCV |
80 to 95 femtoliter |
|
MCH |
27 to 31 pg/cell |
|
MCHC |
32 to 36 gm/dL |
|
Platelet count |
150,000 to 450,000/dL |
Complete urine examination:
Positive test result indicates that abnormal substances such as blood, bacteria, etc. were found in the urine sample.
Negative test result indicates that no abnormal substances were found in the urine sample.
Creatinine serum:
The normal range for creatinine in blood is 0.5-1.1 mg/dL
Culture and sensitivity aerobic -VITEK :
A positive test result indicates the presence of bacteria in the test sample.
A negative test result indicates the absence of bacteria in the test sample.
Blood group ABO and Rh:
A. ABO blood groups and their antigens
|
Blood Group |
Antibody present |
Antigen present |
|
Type A |
Anti-B |
Antigen A |
|
Type B |
Anti- A |
Antigen B |
|
Type AB |
No antibodies |
Antigen A and B |
|
Type O |
Both Anti A and B |
No antigens |
B. ABO blood transfusions
|
Blood Group |
Recipient (Blood receiver) |
|
Type A |
A, O |
|
Type B |
B, O |
|
Type AB (Universal recipient) |
A, B, AB, O |
|
Type O (Universal donor) |
O |
C. Rh factor compatibility
|
Rh factor |
Recipient (Blood receiver) |
|
Rh+ |
Both Rh+ and Rh- |
|
Rh- |
Only Rh- |
Follicle-stimulating hormone:
|
Reference range in females |
|
Before puberty - 0 to 4.0 mIU/mL |
|
During puberty - 0.3 to 10.0 mIU/mL |
|
Before menopause - 4.7 to 21.5 mIU/mL |
|
After menopause - 25.8 to 134.8 mIU/mL |
Luteinizing hormone:
|
Reference range in females |
|
Before puberty - 0 to 4.0 IU/L |
|
During puberty - 0.3 to 1 IU/L |
|
Pre-menopausal (follicular) - 1- 18 IU/L |
|
Pre-menopausal (Mid-cycle) - 20 to 105 IU/L |
|
Pre-menopausal (luteal) - 0.4-20 IU/L |
|
Postmenopausal - 15.0- 62.0 IU/L |
Prolactin:
|
Gender |
Normal range of PRL (ng/mL) |
|
Female |
2-29 ng/mL |
|
Female (pregnant) |
10-209 ng/mL |
Thyroid stimulating hormone:
In non-pregnant adult women, the standard range for TSH levels is 0.5 to 5.0 mIU/L.
FAQs
What is the turnaround time (TAT) for the result of the complete blood count test?
The result of the complete blood count test will be available after 3 hours of sample collection. This duration may vary depending on the particular diagnostic clinic.
What are the risks associated with a blood draw?
During a blood draw, one may experience minor pain or bruising where the needle was inserted, but most symptoms will subside quickly
What is the importance of hormonal blood tests in fertility?
Hormonal tests play a crucial role in detecting hormonal imbalances that can have adverse effects on reproductive functions, including ovulation and fertilization. Additionally, these tests provide an estimation of the quality of viable eggs, indicating fertility potential. Furthermore, conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome and premature ovarian failure can be accurately diagnosed through these tests
Can damage to the fallopian tubes lead to infertility?
Infertility may result from inflammation or surgical procedures causing infection or damage to the fallopian tubes, as these tubes are vital for the transportation of sperm and eggs, as well as the movement of fertilized eggs. Impairment to these tubes can disrupt their ability to function effectively
What should I do if I receive abnormal hormonal test results?
If you receive abnormal hormonal test results, it is recommended to seek advice from your primary care physician or a specialist like an endocrinologist or a reproductive endocrinologist. They will help determine the appropriate course of treatment to regulate the hormonal levels
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