CMV DNA PCR, Qualitative Test
CMV DNA PCR, qualitative test detects the presence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA in a sample. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplifies and identifies CMV genetic material, indicating active infection. This test is sensitive, offering high accuracy even at low viral loads. CMV infection is a common viral infection that causes mild, flu-like symptoms in normal individuals. In immunocompromised (weak immune system) individuals such as HIV or cancer patients, CMV is dangerous. Infants who are exposed to cytomegalovirus before birth may experience eyesight problems, deafness, seizures, cerebral difficulties, and other serious illnesses. This test helps in the early detection and diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection and prevents its related complications.
Symptoms of CMV infection
Prolonged high fever
Fatigue
Loss of appetite
Muscle pain
Joint pain or stiffness
Headache
Sore throat
Swollen lymph nodes
Enlarged liver and spleen
Who should get tested?
CMV DNA PCR, qualitative test is recommended for the following individuals and conditions:
Testing for CMV virus in the blood to confirm that an infection is the cause behind an individual’s symptoms
Individuals with weakened immune systems due to certain infections or diseases
Pregnant women with symptoms of a CMV infection
People who have recently received an organ transplant
Newborns with symptoms of infection
Preparation for the test
No special preparation is required for the CMV DNA PCR, qualitative test.
Interpretation of the test results
The test results may come as positive or negative.
Positive test result
If the CMV DNA PCR test results are positive, it means that you have a CMV DNA sample and it indicates an active primary or reactivated latent CMV infection.
Negative test result
If the CMV DNA PCR test results are negative, it means that you have no CMV DNA or the viral DNA copies present in your sample would be lesser in number than the detectable limit.
FAQs
How is the sample collected for the CMV DNA PCR, qualitative test?
For the CMV DNA PCR, qualitative test, a healthcare professional will take a small amount of blood from a vein in your arm using a small needle, which is collected in a test tube or vial. For further testing, the collected sample is sent to a laboratory.
What are the risks associated with the CMV DNA PCR, qualitative test?
There are no known risks associated with this test. During a blood test, one may experience minor pain or bruising where the needle was inserted, but most symptoms will subside quickly.
What is the turnaround time (TAT) of the CMV DNA PCR, qualitative test?
The test results are usually available within 1-4 working days after the sample collection. This duration may vary depending on the diagnostic clinic.
Can CMV infection be transmitted from an infected person to a normal person?
If an individual has a recent or prior CMV infection, they can transmit it to other individuals, even though they aren’t showing any symptoms. If an individual is diagnosed with CMV infection, they can transmit the virus through various body fluids such as urine, semen, vaginal secretions, saliva, breast milk, and blood.
How can I tell if my CMV infection has reactivated?
Determining whether your CMV has reactivated, depends on your health condition. If you are generally healthy, you might not experience noticeable symptoms or may only have mild flu-like signs. However, if your immune system is compromised, symptoms could be more severe, potentially affecting your lungs, digestive system, or eyes. In such cases, it is important to discuss any health concerns with your healthcare provider.
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