Aspergillus Galactomannan Test
About Aspergillus Galactomannan test
The Aspergillus galactomannan test is used to detect the presence of Aspergillus species, particularly Aspergillus fumigatus, in the body. Aspergillus is a type of fungus that can cause invasive aspergillosis, a serious and potentially life-threatening infection, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems.
Galactomannan is a polysaccharide (a complex carbohydrate) that is part of the fungal cell wall. As Aspergillus grows, it releases galactomannan into the bloodstream and other body fluids.
Thus, getting this test is recommended to diagnose invasive aspergillosis
Symptoms of invasive aspergillosis
Fever
Unexplained weight loss
Headaches
Skin lesions
Fatigue
Chills and sweats
Change in cough pattern
Sore throat
Shortness of breath
Nasal congestion
Chest pain
When is the Aspergillus Galactomannan test recommended?
The aspergillus galactomannan test is recommended
If you experience symptoms of aspergillosis infection
If you have chronic respiratory illness such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
If you are diagnosed with HIV/AIDS, certain cancers, or any other medical condition that requires regular monitoring
To monitor treatment response for aspergillosis
Preparation for the test
No special preparation is required for the aspergillus galactomannan test.
Interpretation of results
The reference range for aspergillus galactomannan antigen is an index of <0.5.
Deviations from the normal levels indicate:
· An index of ≥0.5 is considered to be positive for galactomannan antigen. A positive result suggests the presence of Aspergillus infection. However, false positives can occur, and other factors, such as the patient's clinical condition and other diagnostic tests, should be considered to confirm the diagnosis.
· An index of <0.5 is considered to be negative for galactomannan antigen. This suggests the absence of active Aspergillus infection. However, false negatives can occur, and clinical correlation is important, especially in cases with high clinical suspicion.
FAQs
How is the sample collected for an aspergillus galactomannan test?
A blood sample is collected from a vein in your arm using a small needle. Usually, this procedure does not take more than 5 minutes.
What are the risks associated with an aspergillus galactomannan test?
This test is relatively safe. There might be slight soreness or tenderness around the site where the blood is drawn. Rarely, the site can become infected.
What is the turnaround time (TAT) for the result of the aspergillus galactomannan test?
The aspergillus galactomannan test results are usually available within 1-4 working days after the sample collection. This duration may vary depending upon the diagnostic clinic.
Can the galactomannan test be used for other fungal infections?
No, the galactomannan test is specific to Aspergillus, similar tests targeting different antigens may be used for the diagnosis of other fungal infections.
Can factors other than invasive aspergillosis affect galactomannan test results?
Yes, false-positive results can occur due to the presence of certain substances or conditions unrelated to invasive aspergillosis. Some antibiotics and certain foods containing galactomannan may lead to false positives. Healthcare providers need to consider the patient's medical history, medications, and dietary habits when interpreting galactomannan test results to avoid misdiagnosis.
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