Anti Scl-70 Antibody
Anti Scl-70 Antibody
The anti-Scl-70 antibody test is a diagnostic test used to detect the presence of antibodies against Scl-70 in the blood. Scl-70, also known as topoisomerase I, is a protein found in the cell nucleus. Anti-Scl-70 antibodies are associated with a group of autoimmune diseases, collectively known as systemic sclerosis (SSc) or scleroderma. The anti-Scl-70 antibody test is typically ordered when a healthcare provider suspects systemic sclerosis based on a patient's symptoms.
Thus, getting this test is recommended for the diagnosis of diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis
Symptoms of scleroderma
The symptoms of scleroderma may vary depending on the type of scleroderma. Common symptoms may include:
Thickening and swelling of the fingers
Numb and tingle of fingers when exposed to cold or stress
Joint pains
Taut, shiny, darker skin
Limited mobility due to thickening of the skin
Systemic forms of scleroderma are associated with the involvement of the internal organs, which may include:
Calcium bumps on the hands
Sores on the skin
Problems of the oesophagus
Scarring of the lungs
Heart failure and abnormal heart rhythms
High blood pressure that affects the kidneys
Who should get tested?
Anti-Scl-70 antibody test is recommended in the following conditions:
To determine whether autoimmune symptoms caused are related to systemic sclerosis or not
To detect the level of Anti Scl-70 antibodies in blood
To monitor treatment for systemic sclerosis
Test preparation
No special preparation is required for the Anti Scl-70 Antibody test.
Interpretation of the Test Results
The result may come as positive or negative.
Positive result
A positive result [> or =1.0 (antibody index) AI] indicates the presence of anti-Scl-70 antibodies in the blood, suggesting a higher likelihood of systemic sclerosis. However, not everyone with systemic sclerosis will have these antibodies, and some people without the disease may test positive as well. Hence, it is advisable to consult your healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis.
Negative result
A negative result (<1.0 AI) means that anti-Scl-70 antibodies are not detected in the blood. However, systemic sclerosis can still be present even if this specific antibody is not detected. Other antibodies and clinical findings are considered for a comprehensive diagnosis
FAQs
How is the sample collected for the anti-Scl-70 test?
A blood sample is taken from a vein in the arm using a fine needle. This procedure typically takes no longer than five minutes
What is the turnaround time (TAT) for the results of the anti-Scl-70 test?
Anti-Scl-70 test results are usually available in 1-3 working days after sample collection. This duration may vary depending upon the diagnostic clinic
What are the risks associated with an anti-Scl-70 test?
This test involves negligible risk of infection. There might be slight bruising or tenderness at the site where the needle was inserted
What is systemic sclerosis and what are its types?
Systemic sclerosis, also known as scleroderma, is a rare autoimmune disease affecting connective tissues. It leads to abnormal growth of fibrous tissue, causing skin thickening and internal organ damage. Two main types are limited cutaneous (affects skin on hands, and face) and diffuse cutaneous (affects a larger area of skin and internal organs).
Can anti-Scl-70 levels fluctuate over time?
Yes, anti-SCL-70 levels, associated with systemic sclerosis (scleroderma), can fluctuate over time. Changes may reflect disease activity or response to treatment. Regular monitoring of these levels is crucial for assessing disease progression and adjusting therapeutic strategies to manage scleroderma effectively
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