Androgen Profile
Androgen Profile
The androgen profile test is a blood test employed to measure the levels of androgens within the human body. Androgens have a vital role in the development of male characteristics and reproductive functions. While both males and females possess these hormones, the levels of androgens vary between the genders. In males, androgens are essential for the emergence of traits such as a deeper voice, muscle growth, and hair development. Females typically have lower levels of androgens, which still influence the overall growth and development of muscles and reproductive tissues.
The androgen profile test is used to assess the physical and sexual development in both males and females. Thus, it is recommended to undergo this test to diagnose various conditions including hypogonadism, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), adrenal gland disorders, and tumours that may result in excessive hormone production
Which tests are included?
The hormones that are assessed in this profile include:
Testosterone (Total and Free): This hormone plays a vital role in regulating mood, energy levels, and sexual function in both males and females.
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG): A protein that binds to sex hormones and facilitates their transportation within the bloodstream.
Dihydrotestosterone (DHT): This male sex hormone is responsible for the development of male characteristics.
Free Androgen Index (FAI): A calculation that considers the ratio of testosterone to SHBG, to estimate the quantity of bioavailable testosterone.
Androstenedione: This hormone plays a crucial role as a precursor in the synthesis of testosterone and estrogen
Symptoms of androgen deficiency in males
Low sex drive
Erectile dysfunction (difficulty in getting a penis erection)
Enlarged breasts
Lack of facial or body hair
Weakening of bones
Anaemia
Loss of muscle mass
Symptoms of excess androgens in females
Increased facial and body hair
Hair loss on the head
Irregular or no menstrual periods
Voice changes
Infertility
Acne
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
What is the androgen profile test used for?
The androgen profile test is recommended in the following conditions:
To evaluate androgen deficiency or excess related to gonadal function, adrenal function, or tumour activity
To find out the cause of early puberty or delayed puberty in children and teens
To monitor testosterone replacement therapy and antiandrogen therapy
Test preparation
No special preparation is required for this test. Some medications might affect testosterone levels, so be sure your doctor is aware of any prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines, or dietary supplements you are taking
Interpretation of the Test Results
The reference ranges for an androgen profile test may vary based on age, gender, and from lab to lab. The normal reference ranges are given in nanograms per decilitre (ng/ dL) and nanomoles per liter (nmol/L).
|
Parameters |
Reference range (males) |
Reference range (females) |
|
Testosterone (Total) |
240-950 ng/dL |
8-60 ng/dL |
|
Testosterone (Free) |
2.29-20.7 ng/dL |
0.13-1.08 ng/dL |
|
SHBG |
15-64 nmol/L |
19-145 nmol/L |
|
DHT |
30-85 ng/dL |
4–22 ng/dL |
|
FAI |
270 -1,070 ng/dL |
15-70 ng/dL |
|
Androstenedione |
2.1 – 10.8 nmol/L |
1.0 – 11.5 nmol/L |
Deviations from the normal range, whether they are excessively high or low, may suggest the presence of a hormonal imbalance or medical conditions such as idiopathic hirsutism, PCOS, prostate cancer, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, adrenal and ovarian tumours, etc
FAQs
How is the sample collected for an androgen profile test?
To conduct an androgen profile test, a healthcare provider will draw a small blood sample from a vein in your arm using a needle. The blood will be collected in a test tube or vial and sent to the lab for analysis
What are the risks associated with the androgen profile test?
There are no known risks associated with this test. During a blood test, one may experience minor pain or bruising where the needle was inserted, but most symptoms will subside quickly
What is the turnaround time (TAT) for the result of an androgen profile test?
The androgen profile test result is usually available within 24 hours after the sample collection. This duration may vary depending on the particular diagnostic clinic
What might affect my androgen profile test results?
Your androgen levels can be influenced by factors such as being obese, consuming alcohol, having conditions such as PCOS, using herbal supplements, etc. Therefore, it is advisable to seek guidance from your healthcare provider prior to undergoing the test
What happens if I receive an abnormal androgen profile test result?
If you receive an abnormal androgen profile test result, it is important to consult with your healthcare provider for further evaluation and guidance. Abnormal results may indicate an underlying hormonal imbalance or other medical conditions that require attention. Your healthcare provider will be able to interpret the results and may recommend additional tests to determine the underlying cause of the hormonal imbalance. Once a diagnosis is reached, an appropriate treatment plan will be implemented
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